Medicine
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Cataracts are a leading cause of visual impairment globally and significantly affect quality of life. In the Jazan region of Saudi Arabia, an area characterized by unique environmental and socioeconomic factors, the awareness of the cataract and its associated risk factors remain poorly understood. Therefore, assessing the knowledge about this problem in our region is the initial step to mitigate the impact of cataracts in the region. ⋯ Overall, there were significant associations between the knowledge level and age (67.3%, P < .001) and occupation (77.6%, P < .001). This study revealed a moderate level of awareness of cataracts in Jazan, with significant variations based on sex, age, and occupation. These findings highlight the need for targeted educational interventions, particularly among certain demographic groups, to enhance understanding and management of cataracts in the region.
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Breast invasive carcinoma (BRCA) is one of the most common cancers in women, with its malignant progression significantly influenced by intracellular fatty acid (FA) desaturation. Stearoyl-coenzyme A desaturase (SCD) and fatty acid desaturase 2 (FADS2) are two key rate-limiting enzymes that catalyze the FA desaturation process and cooperate to accelerate lipid metabolic activities. In this study, we investigated the potential functions of SCD and FADS2 in BRCA using bioinformatic analysis and experimental validation. ⋯ Mechanistically, the Search Tool for the Retrieval of Distant Genes and CancerSEA databases showed that SCD and FADS2 were upregulated in several cell biology signaling pathways, particularly in inflammation, apoptosis, and DNA repair. Finally, SCD or FADS2 knockdown inhibited the proliferation of MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 cells. In summary, SCD and FADS2 play significant roles in BRCA development, suggesting that they may serve as potential therapeutic targets for BRCA treatment.
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Correlations between dietary factors and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) have been found in previous observational studies. However, no further studies have used Mendelian randomization to further explore the causal relationship between dietary factors and ALS. Clarifying these relationships is a crucial part of developing nutritional recommendations for ALS prevention. ⋯ Negative results (P > .05) were received for all other dietary factors. This study found that oily fish intake, coffee intake and fresh fruit intake reduced the risk of developing ALS. Additionally, other factors were not associated with ALS.
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Review Case Reports
Fibrolipoma of the lower lip: A case report and review of the literature.
Fibrolipoma of the lower lip is an uncommon condition with limited documentation in the literature. This paper provides updated insights into oral and maxillofacial lipomas through a detailed case report and comprehensive literature review, discussing clinical features, pathogenesis, diagnostic approaches, histopathology, and therapeutic strategies. ⋯ Lipomas in the oral and maxillofacial regions are rare, slow-growing benign tumors, particularly within the lips. Although their diagnosis is straightforward based on clinical presentation, histopathological confirmation is essential. Surgical resection remains the treatment of choice, with excellent prognostic outcomes.
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Gegensan (GGS) has been reported for the treatment of alcoholic liver disease (ALD), but its therapeutic mechanism is still unclear. This paper aims to determine the therapeutic mechanism and targets of action of GGS on alcoholic liver disease utilizing network pharmacology and bioinformatics. The active ingredients in GGS were screened in the literature and databases, and common targets of ALD were then obtained from public databases to construct the network diagram of traditional Chinese medicine-active ingredient targets. ⋯ Further molecular docking showed that the core targets CYP1A1, CYP1A2, CXCL8, ADH1C, MMP1, SERPINE1, COL1A1, APOB, MMP1, and their corresponding 4 active ingredients, Naringenin, Kaempferol, Quercetin, and Stigmasterol, have a greater docking potential. The above results suggest that GGS can regulate lipid metabolism and inflammatory response in the ALD process, and alleviate the lipid accumulation and oxidative stress caused by ethanol. This study analyzed the core targets and mechanisms of action of GGS on ALD, which provides certain theoretical support for the further development of GGS in the treatment of ALD, and provides a reference for the subsequent research on the treatment of ALD.