Medicine
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The potential relationship between the gut microbiota and prostate cancer, possibly influenced by immune cells, remains unclear. This study employed the mediation Mendelian randomization (MR) technique to investigate the causal link between the gut microbiota, immune cells, and prostate cancer. Data on immune cell activity were sourced from Valeria Orrù's research, whereas the genome-wide association study outcome dataset was obtained from the Integrative Epidemiology Unit database. ⋯ The sensitivity analysis verified the robustness of the above results. Mediation analysis demonstrated that CD39+Tregs partially mediate the causal relationship between Bifidobacterium and prostate cancer. This study demonstrates that Bifidobacterium inhibits prostate cancer progression through CD39+Tregs as mediators, providing new ideas and approaches for the treatment and prevention of prostate cancer.
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Adenocarcinoma of the pancreas (PAAD) is one of the deadliest malignant tumors, and messenger ribonucleic acid vaccines, which constitute the latest generation of vaccine technology, are expected to lead to new ideas for the treatment of pancreatic cancer. The Cancer Genome Atlas-PAAD and Genotype-Tissue Expression data were merged and analyzed. Weighted gene coexpression network analysis was used to identify gene modules associated with tumor mutational burden among the genes related to both immunity and oxidative stress. ⋯ AGT is cleaved by the renin enzyme to produce angiotensin 1, and AGT-converting enzyme cleaves angiotensin 1 to produce angiotensin 2. Exposure to AGT-converting enzyme inhibitors after pancreatic cancer diagnosis is associated with improved survival. The 4 genes identified in the present study - ERAP2, MET, CXCL9, and AGT - are expected to serve as targets for messenger ribonucleic acid vaccine development and need to be further investigated in depth.
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Respiratory tuberculosis (RTB), a global health concern affecting millions of people, has been observationally linked to the gut microbiota, but the depth and nature of this association remain elusive. Despite these findings, the underlying causal relationship is still uncertain. Consequently, we used the Mendelian randomization (MR) method to further investigate this potential causal connection. ⋯ This correlation was especially evident in the data segments designated Fingen R9 TBC RESP (OR = 1.799, 95% CI = 1.243-2.604) and Finngen R9 AB1 RESP (OR = 2.131, 95% CI = 1.088-4.172). Our study identified a causal relationship between particular gut microbiota and RTB at the level of prediction based on genetics. This discovery sheds new light on the mechanisms of RTB development, which are mediated by the gut microbiota.
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Concerns have been raised about the effectiveness of using process-centered indicators to assess the quality of diabetes care in Korea. This study aims to examine the factors influencing the performance of regular HbA1c testing and to explore its association with health outcomes, including hospitalization and mortality. We utilized a retrospective cohort design with a 4-year follow-up period, involving 159,452 adult patients newly diagnosed with type 2 diabetes (E11 in International Classification of Diseases, 10th Edition) in 2011. ⋯ This study supports the positive impact of regular HbA1c testing on health outcomes for individuals with type 2 diabetes. To increase the current 33% rate of regular HbA1c testing, developing patient-customized management policies is essential. Priority should be given to diabetic patients aged 65 or older, living in rural areas, and those belonging to low-income families (medical aid).
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Observational Study
Bioinformatics analysis of key genes, immune infiltration, and risk assessment in low bone mineral density among perimenopausal women: An observational study.
This study aimed to identify hub genes and elucidate the molecular mechanisms underlying low bone mineral density (BMD) in perimenopausal women. R software was used to normalize the dataset and screen the gene set associated with BMD in perimenopausal women from the Gene Expression Omnibus database. Cytoscape software was used to identify 7 critical genes. ⋯ The developed risk model showed a remarkable level of precision, as evidenced by an area under the curve of 0.8407 and C-index of 0.854. The present study successfully identified 7 crucial genes that are significantly associated with low BMD in perimenopausal women. Consequently, this research offers a solid theoretical foundation for clinical risk prediction, drug sensitivity analysis, and the development of targeted drugs specifically tailored for addressing low BMD in perimenopausal women.