Medicine
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Multicenter Study Observational Study
Effect of sacubitril/valsartan on hospital readmissions in heart failure with reduced ejection fraction in Saudi Arabia: A multicenter retrospective cohort study.
Sacubitril/valsartan is an angiotensin receptor neprilysin inhibitor (ARNI) that has been shown in multiple clinical trials to have clinical benefits and is recommended by major clinical management guidelines as a first-line treatment for heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF). The most significant benefit that was observed in clinical trials is its effect in reducing hospital readmissions. However, little evidence supports its effectiveness in practice, especially in Saudi Arabia. ⋯ Furthermore, HF readmissions at 30-day, 60-day, and 90-day in group 1 were significantly lower than in group 2 (P < .05). Sacubitril/valsartan for the treatment of HFrEF is associated with a significantly lower rate of all-cause readmission as well as HF readmissions compared to ACEI/ARB. These benefits extend up to 12 months post-discharge.
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Review Case Reports
Concomitant rapidly growing aneurysm of intracavernous carotid artery and cavernous sinus thrombosis: Case report and review of the literature.
Intracavernous infectious aneurysm (ICIA), represents a rare entity that is always described in the form of case reports in the literature. The coexistence of ICIA and cavernous sinus thrombosis (CST) is extremely rare and poorly understood. ⋯ The coexistence of ICIA and CST is extremely rare. Contiguous infection from adjacent tissues is the foremost cause of ICIA. A repeated angiographic examination is recommended under enough anti-infective treatment due to the characteristics of rapid emergence and fast growth of infectious aneurysms.
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Review Case Reports
Hyalinizing clear cell carcinoma of the sublingual gland: A case report and literature review.
Hyalinizing clear cell carcinoma (HCCC) of the salivary glands is a rare low-grade malignant tumor. This type of tumor is particularly uncommon in the sublingual glands. ⋯ The absence of characteristic clinical manifestations makes HCCC highly susceptible to misdiagnoses. This case presents a rare instance of HCCC in the sublingual gland, providing a reference for the clinical diagnosis and treatment of the disease.
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Guillain-Barré Syndrome (GBS) is a rare but potentially life-threatening neurological disorder characterized by acute onset ascending paralysis and sensory abnormalities. This article provides a comprehensive overview of GBS, covering its epidemiology, etiology, clinical presentation, diagnostic evaluation, management and treatment, prognosis, psychosocial impact, recent advances in research, public health implications, and ethical considerations. Epidemiological data reveal variations in GBS prevalence, incidence rates, and geographical distribution influenced by climate, infectious disease prevalence, and genetic susceptibility. ⋯ Recent advances in research focus on emerging treatments, genetic predisposition, and biomarker discovery, offering promise for improving GBS outcomes. Public health implications include vaccination safety concerns and healthcare system considerations for GBS management. Ethical considerations encompass patient autonomy, resource allocation, and end-of-life decision-making.
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Review Case Reports
Concomitant pyogenic spondylodiscitis and empyema following tongue cancer resection and wisdom tooth extraction: A case report and literature review.
Pyogenic spondylodiscitis is an infectious spinal disease that causes significant motor dysfunctions. Its diagnosis can be challenging owing to its rapid onset and nonspecific symptoms. ⋯ This is the first case report of S aureus causing pyogenic spondylodiscitis and empyema due to blood stream infection from a post-oral surgical wound. Pyogenic spondylodiscitis arising from a secondary hematogenous infection is difficult to diagnose and can lead to severe functional impairment. Prompt and appropriate diagnosis and treatment based on detailed patient interviews, additional blood tests, and computed tomography are essential.