Medicine
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The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of formula milk powder in the treatment of lactose intolerance in children, and to provide an evidence-based medicine basis for the rational use of drugs in children with lactose intolerance caused by various reasons by meta-analysis. ⋯ Low/lactose-free milk powder can improve clinical efficacy and shorten the course of treatment in infants with lactose intolerance, which can be demonstrated by further large-scale clinical studies.
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During the treatment of alcohol use disorder, alcohol withdrawal syndrome (AWS) can occur. Benzodiazepines remain the "gold standard" for the pharmacological treatment of AWS. However, other drugs have been approved in some European Countries for the treatment of AWS: namely, clomethiazole in Spain and Germany and sodium oxybate in Italy and Austria. Acute alcohol-associated hepatitis (AAH) is a distinct clinical syndrome characterized by the recent onset of jaundice with or without other signs of liver decompensation in patients with ongoing alcohol consumption. ⋯ Because of its short half-life, SO can be considered a safe and effective pharmacological option for the AWS in patients with moderate to severe AAH even in comparison to short-acting benzodiazepines, thus avoiding the risk of accumulation. Notably, SO guarantees a fixed approach to cover the possible onset of AWS throughout the 24 hours.
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Ulcerative colitis (UC) is an inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) characterized by continuous inflammation of the colonic mucosa. Autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) is a chronic liver disease characterized by hypergammaglobulinemia, circulating autoantibodies, interface hepatitis, and favorable response to immunosuppression. An association between IBD and AIH is uncommon, and experts have suggested that in patients with overlapping IBD and AIH, the anti-tumor necrosis factor agents can be used. Therefore, this study reports a rare case of a patient with liver cirrhosis due to AIH and UC refractory to conventional treatment and discusses the risks and benefits of using anti-tumor necrosis factor in both conditions. ⋯ AIH is a rare cause of elevated transaminase levels in patients with UC. The best treatment to control the 2 conditions should be evaluated with vigilance for the side effects of medications, mainly infections, especially in patients with cirrhosis.
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Amid the pervasive deployment of imidacloprid, the incidence of poisoning from this compound has risen markedly. Those afflicted with imidacloprid poisoning typically exhibit symptoms ranging from headaches, dizziness, nausea, and abdominal pain, to impaired consciousness and breathlessness, yet instances of ocular paralysis induced by this toxin have not previously been documented. ⋯ This report marks the first documentation of oculomotor nerve palsy induced by imidacloprid, featuring diplopia, and blepharoptosis without substantial limitation of ocular motility. Following therapeutic intervention, the patient showed marked improvement and was discharged from the hospital, providing a point of reference for the treatment of analogous cases in future clinical practice. It also serves as a reminder for the public to take appropriate precautions when using imidacloprid.
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Diabetic neuropathy is a prevalent and debilitating complication of diabetes, necessitating effective pain management strategies. While pharmacological treatments, including opioids, are commonly employed, they pose significant challenges due to the risk of developing opioid-induced hyperalgesia (OIH). This case report aims to illustrate the efficacy of a comprehensive, multidisciplinary approach in managing painful diabetic neuropathy complicated by OIH. ⋯ Effective management of OIH involves gradual opioid tapering and a multimodal therapeutic approach. However, the optimal treatment strategies and the frequency of OIH occurrence remain areas of uncertainty, relying heavily on clinical expertise and individualized patient care. Further research is needed to refine these treatment strategies and improve patient outcomes.