Medicine
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Malignant skin tumors mainly include basal cell carcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma, and malignant melanoma. There is currently observational research suggesting that changes in cathepsin (CTS) may be a factor in the development of malignant skin tumors, but no studies have yet demonstrated a causal relationship between tissue protease changes and the occurrence of malignant skin tumors. Current studies have shown that cathepsin is involved in tumor cell invasion and metastasis by regulating growth factors and cellular immune function in tumor microenvironment, decomposing extracellular matrix and basement membrane, and promoting angiogenesis. ⋯ In the multivariate analysis, it was found that Cathepsin H is a direct factor in reducing the occurrence of skin cancer and melanoma, with no apparent causal relationship to non-melanoma skin cancer. Cathepsin has a dual impact on skin cancer cells, and the expression of different cathepsins at the edge of skin tumors may indicate different developmental tendencies of skin cancer. Cathepsin may serve as effective biomarkers for predicting tumors.
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To assess the efficacy and safety of upadacitinib in adolescents with moderate-to-severe atopic dermatitis (AD). ⋯ The findings from this meta-analysis indicate that upadacitinib demonstrates substantial effectiveness and tolerability in treating moderate to severe AD in adolescents. Moreover, upadacitinib provides a rapid reduction in pruritus and markedly ameliorates symptoms and signs, with the 30 mg dosage showing a more pronounced therapeutic effect relative to the 15 mg dosage.
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Hungry bone syndrome (HBS) is a forgotten and underdiagnosed cause. Postoperative HBS refers to patients with high bone turnover before surgery, but after surgery, the inhibition of osteoclast resorption by intact parathyroid hormone suddenly decreases, resulting in a sudden increase in the amount of calcium resorbed by the bone, and a rapid, severe and persistent hypocalcemia, which may be accompanied by hypophosphatemia and hypomagnesemia. We present a case with information about HBS and related complications after parathyroidectomy (PTX). ⋯ Using the case of a patient with primary hyperparathyroidism with HBS lasting 9 days after PTX for diagnosis and management, we aimed to summarize possible predictors and perioperative management strategies to reduce the incidence, severity, and duration of postoperative HBS.
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Endometrial hyperplasia (EH) is a hyperplastic endometrial lesion with irregular gland size, increased glands, and increased glandular interstitial ratio. During follow-up, some EH progressed further to endometrial cancer. It is crucial to provide timely treatment for EH and improve the overall prognosis of EH patients. ⋯ According to the 21 randomized controlled trials included in this study, MPA is the most effective for EH endometrial outcome when applied as a single agent, while the combination of metformin can achieve a more significant effect.
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Review Case Reports
A case of metachronous triple primary carcinoma complicated with pulmonary tuberculosis: Case report and review.
Multiple primary malignant neoplasms with tuberculosis are rare. The interaction between tuberculosis and tumor remains unclear. Moreover, the treatment of multiple primary tumors combined with tuberculosis is relatively complicated. Herein, we report a case of metachronous triple primary carcinoma complicated with pulmonary tuberculosis. ⋯ The treatment of multiple primary tumors combined with pulmonary tuberculosis is complicated. Individualized treatment allows patients to achieve long-term survival while also having a good quality of life. Limitations in this case: surgery may be an alternative strategy for the patient, but the patient refused surgery.