Medicine
-
Streptococcus pneumoniae is a common cause of community-acquired pneumonia. Currently, it is believed that many cases of pulmonary infection with negative results on pathogenic testing are caused by S. pneumoniae. There have been no reports of the detection of S. pneumoniae antigen in lung lavage fluid. ⋯ The identification of S. pneumoniae antigen in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid may facilitate earlier and more precise diagnosis of pneumonia attributed to S. pneumoniae.
-
Mining and updating the post-marketing safety signals of esketamine nasal spray for better identification of adverse drug event (ADE) signals and medication monitoring during clinical use to ensure patient medication safety. Downloading data from the US Food and Drug Administration Adverse Event Reporting System from Q1 2019 to Q2 2023, the reporting odds ratio, proportional reporting ratio, Multi-item Gamma Poisson Shrinker, and Bayesian Confidence Propagation Neural Network methods of the disproportionality method were used to mine and analyze ADEs, and finally to screen for signals of ADEs with esketamine nasal spray as the primary suspected drug. ⋯ The most frequently observed ADEs are dissociation, sedation, and hypertension, while some new rare signals have been detected, such as interstitial cystitis, substance abuse, and drug diversion. The present study identified significant new ADEs signals for esketamine nasal spray, which may provide a source for healthcare professionals to assess patients' symptoms and risk identification.
-
Night sweats can occur independently or in association with a number of medical conditions and can significantly disrupt daily life. This study focuses on the treatment of primary night sweats. Despite the considerable interest in Danggui Liuhuang Tang (DGLHT), an effective traditional Chinese medicine formula, its mechanism of action remains unknown. There is also no existing literature on the subject. ⋯ The research identifies promising active ingredients and targets related to the effectiveness of DGLHT in controlling night sweats, thus contributing to the further exploration of potential therapeutics for this condition. In addition, the results of this experiment provide a basis for future research into night sweats.
-
Observational Study
The relationship of pan-immune-inflammation value (PIV) and HALP score with prognosis in patients with atrial fibrillation.
Because earlier studies have proven a link between hemoglobin, albumin, lymphocyte, and platelet (HALP) and pan-immune-inflammation value (PIV) scores and inflammation, we examined if these 2 markers had predictive value in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF). In the intensive care unit, 444 patients with and without AF were retrospectively analyzed. Patients with and without AF were compared with regard to their HALP and PIV scores. ⋯ The mechanical ventilation requirement and in-hospital mortality rate were significantly higher in the high PIV (PIV > 1062.7) and low HALP (HALP ≤ 2.037) groups. There is a significant association between the HALP and PIV scores assessed upon admission and critically ill patients with AF. Although the HALP score serves as a powerful prognostic factor for these patients, the PIV lacks the capability to predict mortality.
-
In the context of the development of intervertebral disc degeneration (IDD), inflammatory mediators play a pivotal role. Nevertheless, due to the influence of the inflammatory microenvironment, the causal relationship between specific inflammatory mediators and the development of IDD remains uncertain. The understanding of the causal relationship between inflammatory mediators and IDD is of great importance in preventing and delaying disc degeneration in the future. ⋯ Elevated levels of MIP-1β (OR = 0.956, 95% CI: -0.08 to -0.006; P = .02) and IFN-G (OR = 0.915, 95% CI: -0.16 to -0.02; P = .01) expression were associated with a reduced risk of IDD. Conversely, genetic susceptibility to IDD was linked to a decrease in IL-13 levels (OR = 0.967, 95% CI: -0.063 to -0.004; P = .03). In this study, we have identified inflammatory factors that exhibit a causal relationship with the onset and progression of IDD, as supported by genetic predictions.