Medicine
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Observational Study
A study on the correlation between hyperuricemia and lifestyle and dietary habits.
This study aimed to compare whether differences in lifestyle and dietary habits have an impact on hyperuricemia and to provide a reliable basis for the health management of citizens in our city. A total of 10,883 subjects who did not suffer from hyperuricemia, was anticipated in this study in 2018. After 2 years of follow-up, 7727 did not suffer from hyperuricemia and 3156 suffered from hyperuricemia. ⋯ The results showed that the prevalence of hyperuricemia varied by sex, high-fat food, smoked and fried food, milk and soy products, sugary drinks, sleep time, and the degree of smoking and drinking. Among them, infrequent consumption of milk and soy products, and short sleep time were risk factors for hyperuricemia, and men were more likely to have elevated uric acid levels after 2 years. It is recommended that people with hyperuricemia should actively limit their intake of fried foods, alcohol, and purine-rich foods, increase their intake of milk and soy foods, increase their sleep time, and seek to improve kidney and liver function.
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Diabetes, a chronic condition affecting millions of individuals, is divided into type 1 diabetes (T1D) and type 2 diabetes (T2D), each with unique pathophysiological characteristics. While the impact of diabetes on vision is established, its relationship with other special senses, balance, hearing, and olfaction, remains uncertain. This study utilized a 2-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) approach to investigate the associations between diabetes subtypes and specific sensory disorders. ⋯ Our MR analysis and subsequent validation revealed no significant associations between diabetes subtypes and special senses. The initial suggestion of an increased risk of conductive hearing loss in T1D patients was not confirmed. Future research should further explore the intricate relationships among diabetes, sensory functions, and other factors, as well as the potential effects of diabetes management on sensory health.
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Cancer incidence and development are strongly correlated with obesity, however there is insufficient data to support a causal relationship between intentional weight loss and the prevention or promotion of cancer. We investigated the causal relationship between weight loss following Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) and the incidence of 18 cancers using Mendelian randomization (MR). A genome-wide association studies (GWAS) data related to weight loss following RYGB from the GWAS catalog database were used as exposure, and GWAS data related to 18 cancers from the Medical Research Council integrative epidemiology unit open GWAS project were used as outcomes. ⋯ Genetically predicted weight loss following RYGB has significant causal effects in reducing the risk of breast and lung cancer. It also has potential benefits in lowering the risk of hemotological cancers and increasing the risk of cervical cancer. Considering the limitations of our study, the reliability of its results and the underlying mechanisms require further investigation.
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Osteoarthritis (OA) is a chronic joint condition affecting millions worldwide, characterized by the gradual degeneration of joint cartilage, leading to pain, stiffness, and functional impairment. Although the pathogenesis of OA is not fully understood, the roles of inflammation, metabolic dysregulation, and biomechanical stress are increasingly recognized. ⋯ In recent years, researchers have explored a variety of new treatment strategies, such as molecular targeted therapy, biologic treatments, regenerative medicine, and lifestyle modifications, aiming to directly address the root causes and complex mechanisms of OA. This review aims to summarize the latest research advancements to provide fresh perspectives for clinical treatment and lay the foundation for future research and development of treatment strategies for OA.
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Comparative Study Observational Study
Comparison of the efficacy between Super-Path and Watson-Jones approaches in the management of early femoral head necrosis.
This study compares and investigates the efficacy of 2 different surgical methods for early stage femoral head necrosis and analyze the factors affecting surgical outcomes and long-term femoral head survival. A retrospective analysis was conducted on the clinical data of 48 patients (52 hips) with femoral head necrosis who underwent either the Super-Path or Watson-Jones approach from January 1, 2016, to January 1, 2024. Harris scores at multiple time points before and after surgery were compared using repeated-measures analysis of variance (ANOVA), and a COX proportional hazards model was used to analyze risk factors. ⋯ Both surgical approaches were effective in improving short-term hip function but did not show sustained long-term improvement. The Super-Path approach demonstrated better long-term outcomes compared to the Watson-Jones approach, influenced by surgical and temporal factors and preoperative staging. The COX model indicated that preoperative staging, female gender, and the surgical procedure were positively correlated with the risk of femoral head necrosis.