JAMA : the journal of the American Medical Association
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Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study Clinical Trial
Intravenous ancrod for treatment of acute ischemic stroke: the STAT study: a randomized controlled trial. Stroke Treatment with Ancrod Trial.
Approved treatment options for acute ischemic stroke in the United States and Canada are limited at present to intravenous tissue-type plasminogen activator, but bleeding complications, including intracranial hemorrhage, are a recognized complication. ⋯ In this study, ancrod had a favorable benefit-risk profile for patients with acute ischemic stroke.
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Although many epidemiological studies have suggested that increased serum uric acid levels are a risk factor for cardiovascular mortality, this relationship remains uncertain. ⋯ Our data suggest that increased serum uric acid levels are independently and significantly associated with risk of cardiovascular mortality.
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Although the excess prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus in African Americans is well established, few studies have compared incident diabetes in African American and white persons. ⋯ Our data indicate that compared with their white counterparts, middle-aged African Americans are at greater risk of developing type 2 diabetes and have higher blood pressure prior to development of diabetes. In women, almost 50% of this excess risk might be related to potentially modifiable factors.
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Asphyxia is the most common cause of death after avalanche burial. A device that allows a person to breathe air contained in snow by diverting expired carbon dioxide (CO2) away from a 500-cm3 artificial inspiratory air pocket may improve chances of survival in avalanche burial. ⋯ In our study, although hypercapnia developed, breathing with the device during snow burial considerably extended duration of adequate oxygenation compared with breathing with an air pocket in the snow. Further study will be needed to determine whether the device improves survival during avalanche burial.