JAMA : the journal of the American Medical Association
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Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study Comparative Study Clinical Trial
Bivalirudin and provisional glycoprotein IIb/IIIa blockade compared with heparin and planned glycoprotein IIb/IIIa blockade during percutaneous coronary intervention: REPLACE-2 randomized trial.
The direct thrombin inhibitor bivalirudin has been associated with better efficacy and less bleeding than heparin during coronary balloon angioplasty but has not been widely tested during contemporary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). ⋯ Bivalirudin with provisional Gp IIb/IIIa blockade is statistically not inferior to heparin plus planned Gp IIb/IIIa blockade during contemporary PCI with regard to suppression of acute ischemic end points and is associated with less bleeding.
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Multicenter Study
Effect of serologic status and cesarean delivery on transmission rates of herpes simplex virus from mother to infant.
Neonatal herpes most commonly results from fetal exposure to infected maternal genital secretions at the time of delivery. The risk of transmission from mother to infant as it relates to maternal herpes simplex virus (HSV) serologic status and exposure to HSV in the maternal genital tract at the time of labor has not been quantified. Furthermore, no data exist on whether cesarean delivery, the standard of care for women with genital herpes lesions at the time of delivery, reduces HSV transmission. ⋯ Neonatal HSV infection rates can be reduced by preventing maternal acquisition of genital HSV-1 and HSV-2 infection near term. It can also be reduced by cesarean delivery and limiting the use of invasive monitors among women shedding HSV at the time of labor.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study Clinical Trial
Treatment of antidepressant-associated sexual dysfunction with sildenafil: a randomized controlled trial.
Sexual dysfunction is a common adverse effect of antidepressants that frequently results in treatment noncompliance. ⋯ In our study, sildenafil effectively improved erectile function and other aspects of sexual function in men with sexual dysfunction associated with the use of SRI antidepressants. These improvements may allow patients to maintain adherence with effective antidepressant treatment.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study Clinical Trial
Benefit of an early invasive management strategy in women with acute coronary syndromes.
Women who present with acute coronary syndromes (ACSs) have different characteristics than men. Reports have conflicted about whether different outcomes exist for women with use of a routine invasive management strategy. However, these studies were performed prior to the widespread use of platelet glycoprotein IIb/IIIa inhibitors and intracoronary stents. ⋯ Despite differences between women and men in baseline characteristics, the benefit of an early invasive strategy incorporating tirofiban and intracoronary stents was similar in women and men and was enhanced in women presenting with markers of increased risk.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study Comparative Study Clinical Trial
Dual-chamber pacing or ventricular backup pacing in patients with an implantable defibrillator: the Dual Chamber and VVI Implantable Defibrillator (DAVID) Trial.
Implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD) therapy with backup ventricular pacing increases survival in patients with life-threatening ventricular arrhythmias. Most currently implanted ICD devices provide dual-chamber pacing therapy. The most common comorbid cause for mortality in this population is congestive heart failure. ⋯ For patients with standard indications for ICD therapy, no indication for cardiac pacing, and an LVEF of 40% or less, dual-chamber pacing offers no clinical advantage over ventricular backup pacing and may be detrimental by increasing the combined end point of death or hospitalization for heart failure.