JAMA : the journal of the American Medical Association
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Multicenter Study Comparative Study
Longitudinal changes in adiposity associated with pregnancy. The CARDIA Study. Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults Study.
To examine the longitudinal associations between a pregnancy and persistent changes in adiposity in young black and white women. ⋯ These data suggest that women experience modest but adverse increases in body weight and fat distribution after a first pregnancy and that these changes are persistent.
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Multicenter Study
Environmental tobacco smoke and lung cancer in nonsmoking women. A multicenter study.
To determine the relative risk (RR) of lung cancer in lifetime never smokers associated with environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) exposure. ⋯ Exposure to ETS during adult life increases risk of lung cancer in lifetime nonsmokers.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study Comparative Study Clinical Trial
Salmeterol xinafoate as maintenance therapy compared with albuterol in patients with asthma.
To compare the efficacy and safety of inhaled salmeterol xinafoate, a long-acting beta 2-adrenoceptor agonist, with that of albuterol, a short-acting inhaled beta 2-agonist, in the treatment of asthma. ⋯ Salmeterol inhaled twice daily is more effective than albuterol inhaled four times a day (or as needed) in patients with asthma requiring maintenance therapy. No deterioration of asthma control was observed with the use of salmeterol over a 3-month period.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study Clinical Trial
Prevention of functional impairment by endarterectomy for symptomatic high-grade carotid stenosis. North American Symptomatic Carotid Endarterectomy Trial Collaborators.
To determine whether carotid endarterectomy prevents deterioration of functional status among patients with transient ischemic attacks or nondisabling strokes and ipsilateral carotid stenosis of 70% to 99%. ⋯ Carotid endarterectomy reduced the risk for impairment of function among patients with recent symptomatic cerebral ischemia and ipsilateral high-grade carotid stenosis.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study Clinical Trial
A new Simplified Acute Physiology Score (SAPS II) based on a European/North American multicenter study.
To develop and validate a new Simplified Acute Physiology Score, the SAPS II, from a large sample of surgical and medical patients, and to provide a method to convert the score to a probability of hospital mortality. ⋯ The SAPS II, based on a large international sample of patients, provides an estimate of the risk of death without having to specify a primary diagnosis. This is a starting point for future evaluation of the efficiency of intensive care units.