JAMA : the journal of the American Medical Association
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Multicenter Study Comparative Study Clinical Trial
Mortality in overweight and underweight children with acute myeloid leukemia.
Current treatment for acute myeloid leukemia (AML) in children cures about half the patients. Of the other half, most succumb to leukemia, but 5% to 15% die of treatment-related complications. Overweight children with AML seem to experience excess life-threatening and fatal toxicity. Nothing is known about how weight affects outcomes in pediatric AML. ⋯ Treatment-related complications significantly reduce survival in overweight and underweight children with AML.
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The intake of vegetables and fruits has been thought to protect against breast cancer. Most of the evidence comes from case-control studies, but a recent pooled analysis of the relatively few published cohort studies suggests no significantly reduced breast cancer risk is associated with vegetable and fruit consumption. ⋯ Although the period of follow-up is limited for now, the results suggest that total or specific vegetable and fruit intake is not associated with risk for breast cancer.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical Trial
Direct access to emergency contraception through pharmacies and effect on unintended pregnancy and STIs: a randomized controlled trial.
It is estimated that half of unintended pregnancies could be averted if emergency contraception (EC) were easily accessible and used. ⋯ While removing the requirement to go through pharmacists or clinics to obtain EC increases use, the public health impact may be negligible because of high rates of unprotected intercourse and relative underutilization of the method. Given that there is clear evidence that neither pharmacy access nor advance provision compromises contraceptive or sexual behavior, it seems unreasonable to restrict access to EC to clinics.