JAMA : the journal of the American Medical Association
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To reexamine the conclusions of the 1991 National Institutes of Health Consensus Panel on Diagnosis and Treatment of Depression in Late Life in light of current scientific evidence. ⋯ The review concluded that, although the initial consensus statement still holds, there is important new information in a number of areas. These areas include the onset and course of late-life depression; comorbidity and disability; sex and hormonal issues; newer medications, psychotherapies, and approaches to long-term treatment; impact of depression on health services and health care resource use; late-life depression as a risk factor for suicide; and the importance of the heterogeneous forms of depression. Depression in older people remains a significant public health problem. The burden of unrecognized or inadequately treated depression is substantial. Efficacious treatments are available. Aggressive approaches to recognition, diagnosis, and treatment are warranted to minimize suffering, improve overall functioning and quality of life, and limit inappropriate use of health care resources.
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Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) affects 3% to 5% of pregnancies. Knowledge of risk factors for GDM is needed to identify possible preventive strategies. ⋯ Advanced maternal age, family history of diabetes mellitus, nonwhite ethnicity, higher BMI, weight gain in early adulthood, and cigarette smoking predict increased GDM risk. These observations may facilitate the identification of women at particular risk for GDM and suggest potential strategies for reducing this risk even before a woman becomes pregnant, such as avoiding substantial weight gain and smoking.
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Since 1989, several states have passed laws that make gun owners criminally liable if someone is injured because a child gains unsupervised access to a gun. These laws are controversial, and their effect on firearm-related injuries is unknown. ⋯ State safe storage laws intended to make firearms less accessible to children appear to prevent unintentional shooting deaths among children younger than 15 years.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study Clinical Trial
Symptomatic improvement of premenstrual dysphoric disorder with sertraline treatment. A randomized controlled trial. Sertraline Premenstrual Dysphoric Collaborative Study Group.
Premenstrual dysphoric disorder is an important cause of symptoms and functional impairment in menstruating women. ⋯ Sertraline was significantly better than placebo for treatment of premenstrual dysphoria as reflected by symptomatic improvement and change in reported functional impairment. Serotonin reuptake inhibitors such as sertraline are useful therapeutic options for women with premenstrual dysphoria.