Physical therapy
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Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study
Motor control exercises, sling exercises, and general exercises for patients with chronic low back pain: a randomized controlled trial with 1-year follow-up.
Exercise benefits patients with chronic nonspecific low back pain; however, the most effective type of exercise remains unknown. ⋯ This study gave no evidence that 8 treatments with individually instructed motor control exercises or sling exercises were superior to general exercises for chronic low back pain.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study
Examination of a clinical prediction rule to identify patients with neck pain likely to benefit from thoracic spine thrust manipulation and a general cervical range of motion exercise: multi-center randomized clinical trial.
A clinical prediction rule (CPR) purported to identify patients with neck pain who are likely to respond to thoracic spine thrust manipulation has recently been developed, but has yet to be validated. ⋯ The results of the current study did not support the validity of the previously developed CPR. However, the results demonstrated that patients with mechanical neck pain who received thoracic spine manipulation and exercise exhibited significantly greater improvements in disability at both the short- and long-term follow-up periods and in pain at the 1-week follow-up compared with patients who received exercise only.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study
Physical therapists' perceptions of ease of care in patients receiving 2 forms of analgesia after total hip arthroplasty.
Pain management modalities that facilitate patient mobility may contribute to recovery after total hip replacement (THR) surgery. ⋯ The findings demonstrate benefits to physical therapists of using the fentanyl ITS over morphine IV PCA in terms of time efficiency, convenience, and satisfaction.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Interhemispheric modulation induced by cortical stimulation and motor training.
Interhemispheric inhibition might be a beneficial cortico-cortical interaction, but also might be maladaptive in people with neurological disorders. One recently revisited technique that has been shown to be effective in improving motor function in people with stroke using interhemispheric modulation is transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS). ⋯ The results indicate that tDCS enhances the effects of unilateral motor training and contralateral hand restraint on motor function, and this benefit is associated with a different mechanism of action characterized by bihemispheric modulation in which TCI from the dominant to the nondominant hemisphere is decreased. Transcranial direct current stimulation might be a useful tool to enhance the motor effects of constraint-induced movement therapy.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Spinal manipulative therapy has an immediate effect on thermal pain sensitivity in people with low back pain: a randomized controlled trial.
Current evidence suggests that spinal manipulative therapy (SMT) is effective in the treatment of people with low back pain (LBP); however, the corresponding mechanisms are unknown. Hypoalgesia is associated with SMT and is suggestive of specific mechanisms. ⋯ Inhibition of Adelta fiber-mediated pain perception was similar for all groups. However, inhibition of temporal summation was observed only in participants receiving SMT, suggesting a modulation of dorsal horn excitability that was observed primarily in the lumbar innervated area.