British journal of clinical pharmacology
-
Br J Clin Pharmacol · Apr 2006
Randomized Controlled TrialHyperalgesia induced by cutaneous freeze injury for testing analgesics in healthy volunteers.
The early phases of the clinical development of new analgesic agents are severely hindered by a lack of reliable sensitive tests based on experimental pain models. The aim of this study was to assess the ability of a localized hyperalgesia model induced by cutaneous freeze injury to evaluate the pharmacodynamic profile of weak analgesic agents in healthy volunteers. ⋯ Cutaneous freeze injury coupled with a von Frey electronic device to assess the mechanical pain threshold is a convenient model that causes no discomfort. The improved sensitivity and stability of this experimental model of hyperalgesia over three consecutive days make it a useful tool for evaluating the efficacy and detecting the potential sites of action of analgesic agents such as nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs in healthy human subjects.
-
Br J Clin Pharmacol · Feb 2006
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative StudyComparative effects of ivabradine, a selective heart rate-lowering agent, and propranolol on systemic and cardiac haemodynamics at rest and during exercise.
To compare in humans the effects of ivabradine and propranolol on cardiac and systemic haemodynamics at rest, during tilt and exercise. ⋯ These results demonstrate that for a similar decrease in HR at rest and during sympathetic stimulation, acute administration of ivabradine, a selective heart rate-lowering agent, decreased myocardial oxygen demand to the same extent as a reference beta-blocker, propranolol, but without evidence of depressant effect on cardiac function.
-
Br J Clin Pharmacol · Feb 2006
Pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic modelling of QT interval prolongation following citalopram overdoses.
To develop a pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic model describing the time-course of QT interval prolongation after citalopram overdose and to evaluate the effect of charcoal on the relative risk of developing abnormal QT and heart-rate combinations. ⋯ Citalopram caused a delayed lengthening of the QT interval. Administration of activated charcoal was shown to reduce the risk that the QT interval exceeds a previously defined threshold and therefore is expected to reduce the risk of TdP.
-
Br J Clin Pharmacol · Dec 2005
Multicenter StudyUsage of paracetamol-containing combination analgesics remains high in primary care.
Paracetamol-containing combination analgesics are widely prescribed but the use of paracetamol/dextropropoxyphene (co-proxamol) is particularly controversial. We aim to examine the prescribing patterns of the paracetamol-containing analgesics in Ireland. ⋯ Co-proxamol was the most commonly prescribed paracetamol-containing analgesic preparation in Ireland. The results may indicate inappropriate use in primary care.
-
Br J Clin Pharmacol · Oct 2005
Anti-factor Xa kinetics after intravenous enoxaparin in patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention: a population model analysis.
Recent studies have suggested that intravenous (i.v.) enoxaparin could be used as antithrombotic therapy in patients ongoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). However, anti-Xa pharmacokinetics following different i.v. dosing regimens is not clearly established. ⋯ A single 0.5 mg kg(-1) i.v. dose of enoxaparin reached anticoagulation levels adequately and should be safer compared with greater doses for anticoagulation in patients undergoing an elective PCI. An additional second bolus could be proposed in patients with delayed or prolonged procedures.