Journal of neurosurgery
-
Journal of neurosurgery · Apr 2019
Whole exome sequencing-based analysis to identify DNA damage repair deficiency as a major contributor to gliomagenesis in adult diffuse gliomas.
Processes that cause or contribute to cancer, such as aging, exposure to carcinogens, or DNA damage repair deficiency (DDRd), create predictable and traceable nucleotide alterations in one’s genetic code (termed “mutational signatures”). Large studies have previously identified various such mutational signatures across cancers that can be attributed to the specific causative processes. To gain further insight into the processes in glioma development, the authors analyzed mutational signatures in adult diffuse gliomas (DGs). ⋯ DDR = DNA damage repair; DDRd = DDR deficiency; DG = diffuse glioma; GBM = glioblastoma; INDEL = insertion-deletion; LGG = low-grade glioma; MMR = mismatch repair; MSI = microsatellite instability; MSI-H = tumor highly likely to harbor MSI; SNP = single nucleotide polymorphism; SNV = single nucleotide variant; TCGA = The Cancer Genome Atlas; Ti/Tv = transition/transversion; WES = whole exome sequencing.
-
Journal of neurosurgery · Apr 2019
Travels to the tropics: Deutschtum and Fedor Krause's visits to Brazil.
Fedor Krause, the father of German neurosurgery, traveled to Latin America twice in the final years of his career (in 1920 and 1922). The associations and motivations for his travels to South America and his work there have not been well chronicled. In this paper, based on a review of historical official documents and publications, the authors describe Krause’s activities in South America (focusing on Brazil) within the context of the Germanism doctrine and, most importantly, the professional enjoyment Krause reaped from his trips as well as his lasting influence on neurosurgery in South America. ⋯ The advanced German system of academic organization and instruction, which included connections and collaborations with industry, was an optimal means to reestablish the economic viability of not only Germany but also Brazil. Krause, as a de facto ambassador, helped rebuild the German image and reconstruct diplomatic relations between Germany and Brazil. Krause’s interactions during his visits helped put Brazilian neurosurgery on a firm foundation, and he left an indelible legacy of advancing professionalism and specialization in neurosurgery in Brazil. ABBREVIATIONS WWI = World War I.
-
Journal of neurosurgery · Apr 2019
Meningioma metastases: incidence and proposed screening paradigm.
Extracranial meningioma metastases are uncommon, occurring in less than 1% of patients diagnosed with meningioma. Due to the rarity of meningioma metastases, patients are not routinely screened for distant disease. In this series, we report their experience with meningioma metastases and results of screening for metastases in select patients with recurrent meningiomas. ⋯ Systemic imaging of patients with multiply recurrent meningioma or symptoms concerning for metastasis may identify extracranial metastases in a significant proportion of patients and can inform decision making for additional treatments.
-
Journal of neurosurgery · Apr 2019
Predictive factors for long-term clinical outcomes of deep brain stimulation in the treatment of primary Meige syndrome.
Primary Meige syndrome is characterized by blepharospasm and orofacial-cervical dystonia. Deep brain stimulation (DBS) is recognized as an effective therapy for patients with this condition, but previous studies have focused on clinical effects. This study explored the predictors of clinical outcome in patients with Meige syndrome who underwent DBS. ⋯ The severity of the disease in the initial stage and presurgical period was the only independent predictive factor of the clinical outcomes of DBS for the treatment of patients with Meige syndrome.
-
Journal of neurosurgery · Apr 2019
Divergent network properties that predict early surgical failure versus late recurrence in temporal lobe epilepsy.
The objectives of this study were to identify functional and structural network properties that are associated with early versus long-term seizure outcomes after mesial temporal lobe epilepsy (mTLE) surgery and to determine how these compare to current clinically used methods for seizure outcome prediction. ⋯ It is known that there are important clinical differences between early surgical failure that lead to frequent disabling seizures and late recurrence of less frequent mild seizures. This study demonstrated that divergent network connectivity variability, whole-network versus within-network properties, were uniquely associated with these disparate outcomes.