Journal of neurosurgery
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Journal of neurosurgery · Aug 2005
Biography Historical ArticleGeorge W. Crile, Ohio's first neurosurgeon, and his relationship with Harvey Cushing.
Much has been written about Harvey Cushing, his contributions to neurosurgery, and his relationship with many of his contemporaries. Nevertheless, there is no independent report documenting his relationship with Ohio's first neurosurgeon, George W. Crile. ⋯ He was a founding member of the American College of Surgeons, its second president (1916-1917), and chairman of the Board of Regents (1913-1939). Crile was a teacher, lecturer, and author who published more than 400 papers and 24 books. In this report the authors trace the relationship between Crile and Cushing from their initial competition for a staff surgeon's position to their common interest in blood pressure, and their roles in the American Ambulance in France and later in World War I.
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Journal of neurosurgery · Aug 2005
Microsurgical anatomy of the interpeduncular cistern and related arachnoid membranes.
The goal of this study was to investigate the microsurgical anatomy of the interpeduncular cistern and related arachnoid membranes. ⋯ Arachnoid membranes and trabeculae complicate the exposure and dissection of lesions within the interpeduncular cistern. All arachnoid membranes and trabeculae should be dissected and incised sharply during surgical procedures. The BA bifurcation membrane and the posterior perforated membrane must be incised after opening the Liliequist membrane for sufficient exposure of deep structures within the interpeduncular cistern.
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Journal of neurosurgery · Aug 2005
Microsurgical robotic system for the deep surgical field: development of a prototype and feasibility studies in animal and cadaveric models.
To enhance the surgeon's dexterity and maneuverability in the deep surgical field, the authors developed a master-slave microsurgical robotic system. This concept and the results of preliminary experiments are reported in this paper. ⋯ Computer-controlled surgical manipulation will be an important tool for neurosurgery, and preliminary experiments involving this robotic system demonstrate its promising maneuverability.
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Journal of neurosurgery · Aug 2005
Surface properties, more than size, limiting convective distribution of virus-sized particles and viruses in the central nervous system.
Achieving distribution of gene-carrying vectors is a major barrier to the clinical application of gene therapy. Because of the blood-brain barrier, the distribution of genetic vectors to the central nervous system (CNS) is even more challenging than delivery to other tissues. Direct intraparenchymal microinfusion, a minimally invasive technique, uses bulk flow (convection) to distribute suspensions of macromolecules widely through the extracellular space (convection-enhanced delivery [CED]). Although acute injection into solid tissue is often used for delivery of oligonucleotides, viruses, and liposomes, and there is preliminary evidence that certain of these large particles can spread through the interstitial space of the brain by the use of convection, the use of CED for distribution of viruses in the brain has not been systematically examined. That is the goal of this study. ⋯ These results indicate that convective distribution can be used to distribute therapeutic viral vectors in the CNS.