The New England journal of medicine
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Current methods of disease staging often fail to detect small numbers of tumor cells in lymph nodes. Metastatic relapse may arise from these few cells. ⋯ Immunohistochemical examination of lymph nodes may improve the pathological staging of esophageal cancer.
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Differing birth weight among infants of U.S.-born blacks, African-born blacks, and U.S.-born whites.
In the United States, the birth weights of infants of black women are lower than those of infants of white women. The extent to which the lower birth weights among blacks are related to social or genetic factors is unclear. ⋯ The birth-weight patterns of infants of African-born black women and U.S.-born white women are more closely related to one another than to the birth weights of infants of U.S.-born black women.
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Herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2) infection is usually transmitted sexually and can cause recurrent, painful genital ulcers. In neonates the infection is potentially lethal. We investigated the seroprevalence and correlates of HSV-2 infection in the United States and identified changes in HSV-2 seroprevalence since the late 1970s. ⋯ Since the late 1970s, the prevalence of HSV-2 infection has increased by 30 percent, and HSV-2 is now detectable in roughly one of five persons 12 years of age or older nationwide. Improvements in the prevention of HSV-2 infection are needed, particularly since genital ulcers may facilitate the transmission of the human immunodeficiency virus.