The New England journal of medicine
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Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study
Fracture Prevention with Infrequent Zoledronate in Women 50 to 60 Years of Age.
Zoledronate prevents fractures in older women when administered every 12 to 18 months, but its effects on bone density and bone turnover persist beyond 5 years. Whether infrequent zoledronate administration would prevent vertebral fractures in early postmenopausal women is unknown. ⋯ Ten years after trial initiation, zoledronate administered at baseline and 5 years was effective in preventing morphometric vertebral fracture in early postmenopausal women. (Funded by the Health Research Council of New Zealand; Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry number, ACTRN12612000270819.).
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Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study Comparative Study
Survival with Trastuzumab Emtansine in Residual HER2-Positive Breast Cancer.
Patients with human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)-positive early breast cancer with residual invasive disease after neoadjuvant systemic therapy have a high risk of recurrence and death. The primary analysis of KATHERINE, a phase 3, open-label trial, showed that the risk of invasive breast cancer or death was 50% lower with adjuvant trastuzumab emtansine (T-DM1) than with trastuzumab alone. ⋯ As compared with trastuzumab, T-DM1 improved overall survival with sustained improvement in invasive disease-free survival among patients with HER2-positive early breast cancer with residual invasive disease after neoadjuvant therapy. (Funded by F. Hoffmann-La Roche/Genentech; KATHERINE ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT01772472.).
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Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study
Transcatheter Valve Replacement in Severe Tricuspid Regurgitation.
Severe tricuspid regurgitation is associated with disabling symptoms and an increased risk of death. Data regarding outcomes after percutaneous transcatheter tricuspid-valve replacement are needed. ⋯ For patients with severe tricuspid regurgitation, transcatheter tricuspid-valve replacement was superior to medical therapy alone for the primary composite outcome, driven primarily by improvements in symptoms and quality of life. (Funded by Edwards Lifesciences; TRISCEND II ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT04482062.).
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Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study
Plozasiran for Managing Persistent Chylomicronemia and Pancreatitis Risk.
Persistent chylomicronemia is a genetic recessive disorder that is classically caused by familial chylomicronemia syndrome (FCS), but it also has multifactorial causes. The disorder is associated with the risk of recurrent acute pancreatitis. Plozasiran is a small interfering RNA that reduces hepatic production of apolipoprotein C-III and circulating triglycerides. ⋯ Patients with persistent chylomicronemia who received plozasiran had significantly lower triglyceride levels and a lower incidence of pancreatitis than those who received placebo. (Funded by Arrowhead Pharmaceuticals; PALISADE ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT05089084.).
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Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study Comparative Study
Adjuvant Pembrolizumab versus Observation in Muscle-Invasive Urothelial Carcinoma.
Muscle-invasive urothelial carcinoma is an aggressive disease with high rates of relapse. Whether pembrolizumab as adjuvant therapy would be effective in patients with high-risk muscle-invasive urothelial carcinoma after radical surgery is unknown. ⋯ Among patients with high-risk muscle-invasive urothelial carcinoma after radical surgery, disease-free survival was significantly longer with adjuvant pembrolizumab than with observation. (Funded by the National Cancer Institute of the National Institutes of Health and others; Alliance A031501 AMBASSADOR ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT03244384.).