The New England journal of medicine
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An outbreak of listeriosis was identified in South Africa in 2017. The source was unknown. ⋯ This investigation showed that in a middle-income country with a high prevalence of HIV infection, L. monocytogenes caused disproportionate illness among pregnant girls and women and HIV-infected persons. Whole-genome sequencing facilitated the detection of the outbreak and guided the trace-back investigations that led to the identification of the source.