The New England journal of medicine
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Intraosseous needle insertion is used as a temporary measure when intravascular access cannot be achieved through peripheral or central venous routes. The intraosseous needle may remain in situ for 72 to 96 hours, but it is best removed within 6 to 12 hours, as soon as an alternative site of intravascular access has been established. The intraosseous route provides fast and reliable vascular access in emergency medical situations. The use of the appropriate technique will ensure that the procedure is performed as safely and effectively as possible.
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Lipolysis regulates energy homeostasis through the hydrolysis of intracellular triglycerides and the release of fatty acids for use as energy substrates or lipid mediators in cellular processes. Genes encoding proteins that regulate energy homeostasis through lipolysis are thus likely to play an important role in determining susceptibility to metabolic disorders. ⋯ These findings indicate the physiological significance of HSL in adipocyte function and the regulation of systemic lipid and glucose homeostasis and underscore the severe metabolic consequences of impaired lipolysis. (Funded by the National Institutes of Health and others).