The New England journal of medicine
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Obesity and hypertension have been implicated as risk factors for the development of renal-cell cancer. ⋯ Higher body-mass index and elevated blood pressure independently increase the long-term risk of renal-cell cancer in men. A reduction in blood pressure lowers the risk.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical Trial
Effects of intrathecal morphine on the ventilatory response to hypoxia.
Intrathecal administration of morphine produces intense analgesia, but it depresses respiration, an effect that can be life-threatening. Whether intrathecal morphine affects the ventilatory response to hypoxia, however, is not known. ⋯ Depression of the ventilatory response to hypoxia after the administration of intrathecal morphine is similar in magnitude to, but longer-lasting than, that after the administration of an equianalgesic dose of intravenous morphine.