International journal of radiation oncology, biology, physics
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Int. J. Radiat. Oncol. Biol. Phys. · Mar 2004
Multicenter StudyRenal insufficiency in patients with hematologic malignancies undergoing total body irradiation and bone marrow transplantation: a prospective assessment.
Patients with malignant hematologic disorders undergoing bone marrow transplantation (BMT) may develop renal insufficiency. A study was undertaken to assess prospectively the subclinical renal function changes with radioisotopic methods in patients undergoing BMT for hematologic malignancies. ⋯ Early post-BMT renal dysfunction is associated with the administration of potentially nephrotoxic drugs. An inverse correlation with the prescribed TBI dose was observed; patients whose kidneys received 10 Gy through the use of partial shielding blocks had significantly greater renal dysfunction at 4 months. The administration of potentially nephrotoxic contrast agents used in radiotherapy treatment planning may be responsible for the latter observation. Prostaglandin E(1) use correlated with a significant reduction in ERPF at both 4 and 12-18 months.
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Int. J. Radiat. Oncol. Biol. Phys. · Mar 2004
Clinical TrialToxicity after three-dimensional radiotherapy for prostate cancer with RTOG 9406 dose level IV.
This is the first report of the toxicity outcomes using dose level IV (74 Gy) on Radiation Therapy Oncology Group (RTOG) study 9406 for Stage T1-T2 prostate adenocarcinoma. ⋯ Tolerance to three-dimensional conformal radiotherapy with 74 Gy in 2-Gy fractions remains better than expected compared with historical controls. The magnitude of any effect from fraction size requires additional follow-up.
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Int. J. Radiat. Oncol. Biol. Phys. · Mar 2004
Clinical TrialA Phase I trial of preoperative eniluracil plus 5-fluorouracil and radiation for locally advanced or unresectable adenocarcinoma of the rectum and colon.
Eniluracil, an effective inactivator of dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase, allows for oral dosing of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU), which avoids the morbidity of continuous infusion 5-FU. We addressed the safety of oral eniluracil and 5-FU combined with preoperative radiotherapy and determined the recommended Phase II dose and dose-limiting toxicity in patients with locally advanced rectal and colon cancer. ⋯ Preoperative chemoradiotherapy with oral eniluracil and 5-FU is feasible and well tolerated. Additional investigation is warranted.
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Int. J. Radiat. Oncol. Biol. Phys. · Mar 2004
A positive margin is not always an indication for radiotherapy after mastectomy in early breast cancer.
Postoperative radiotherapy is frequently employed among breast cancer patients with positive surgical margins after mastectomy but there is little evidence to support this practice. This study examined relapse and survival among women with node-negative breast cancer and positive surgical margins after mastectomy. ⋯ This study suggests that not all patients with node-negative breast cancer with positive margins after mastectomy require radiotherapy. Locoregional failure rates approximating 20% were observed in women with positive margins plus at least one of the following factors: age <==50 years, T2 tumor size, grade III histology, or LVI. The absolute and relative improvements in locoregional control with radiotherapy in these situations support the judicious, but not routine, use of PMRT for positive margins after mastectomy in patients with node-negative breast cancer.
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Int. J. Radiat. Oncol. Biol. Phys. · Mar 2004
ReviewEpidermal growth factor receptor and response of head-and-neck carcinoma to therapy.
To present an overview of the significance of erbB tyrosine kinase family members as prognostic-predictive factors and as targets of therapeutic intervention in patients with head-and-neck carcinomas (HNCs). ⋯ Members of the erbB receptor tyrosine kinase family, particularly EGFR, were found to be a strong biomarker for poor prognosis and HNC resistance to RT. The available data showed that EGFR antagonists given as single modality therapies yield rather limited antitumor activity. The results of trials testing the efficacy of combining EGFR antagonist with RT or chemotherapy will emerge within the next few years.