International journal of radiation oncology, biology, physics
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Int. J. Radiat. Oncol. Biol. Phys. · Jul 2004
Influence of radiation therapy parameters on outcome in children treated with radiation therapy for localized parameningeal rhabdomyosarcoma in Intergroup Rhabdomyosarcoma Study Group trials II through IV.
To evaluate the impact of radiation treatment parameters on cancer control outcomes for children with parameningeal rhabdomyosarcoma (PM-RMS) treated on Intergroup Rhabdomyosarcoma Study Group protocols II through IV (including IRS-IV pilot). ⋯ The availability of cross-sectional diagnostic images (CT or MRI) has improved detection of ICE. Starting radiation therapy within 2 weeks of diagnosis for patients with signs of meningeal impingement was associated with lower rates of local failure. When no signs of meningeal impingement were present, delay of radiation therapy for more than 10 weeks did not impact local failure rates. Whole brain radiation therapy is unnecessary in PM-RMS. A dose of at least 47.5 Gy seems to be associated with lower rates of local failure, especially when tumor diameter is > or =5 cm.
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Int. J. Radiat. Oncol. Biol. Phys. · Jul 2004
Low-dose-rate brachytherapy is superior to high-dose-rate brachytherapy for bladder cancer.
To determine the efficacy and safety of a high-dose-rate (HDR) brachytherapy schedule in the treatment of bladder cancer and to investigate the impact of different values of repair half-times and alpha/beta ratios on the design of the HDR schedule. ⋯ Local control of HDR brachytherapy for bladder cancer was disappointing and late toxicity unexpectedly high. The increase in late toxicity suggested a short repair half-time of 0.5-1 h for late-responding normal bladder tissue, which would not support HDR brachytherapy in the treatment of bladder cancer. The analysis demonstrated that the calculation of equivalent HDR schedules on the basis of the LDR schedules used in clinical practice might be hazardous.
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Int. J. Radiat. Oncol. Biol. Phys. · Jul 2004
WR-1065, the active form of amifostine, protects HL-60 cells but not peripheral blood mononuclear cells from radiation and etoposide-induced apoptosis.
Developing myeloid cells are particularly sensitive to chemotherapy and ionizing radiation. Mature cells of the hematopoietic lineages, such as are found in the peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs), are much less sensitive for reasons that are not yet understood. Protecting the myeloid precursors from radiation or chemotherapy is an important goal. ⋯ These results suggest that pro-apoptotic pathways are present in immature myeloid cells that can be selectively protected from radiation or chemotherapy-induced apoptosis.
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Int. J. Radiat. Oncol. Biol. Phys. · Jul 2004
Comment LetterIn regard to Anagnostopoulos et al.: In vivo thermoluminescence dosimetry dose verification of transperinal (192)Ir high dose rate brachytherapy using CT-based planning for the treatment of prostate cancer (Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2003;57:1183-1191).