Lung
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Randomized Controlled Trial
The Effect of Breathing Retraining Using Metronome-Based Acoustic Feedback on Exercise Endurance in COPD: A Randomized Trial.
During exercise-training patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) can entrain their breathing pattern to visual-feedback cues as to achieve a slower respiratory rate and prolong exhalation. The result is an improvement in exercise tolerance and a reduction in dynamic hyperinflation. Acoustic stimuli, including metronome-generated acoustic stimuli, can entrain human movements. Accordingly, we hypothesized that exercise duration and dynamic hyperinflation would be less after exercise-training plus breathing-retraining using a metronome-based acoustic-feedback system than after exercise-training alone. ⋯ In patients with COPD, breathing-retraining using a metronome-based acoustic feedback did not result in improved exercise endurance or decreased dynamic hyperinflation when compared to exercise-training alone.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study
Primary care providers' views on using lung age as an aid to smoking cessation counseling for patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.
Smoking cessation is the primary goal for managing patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) who smoke. However, previous studies have demonstrated poor cessation rates. The "lung age" concept (an estimate of the age at which the FEV(1) would be considered normal) was developed to present spirometry data in an understandable format and to serve as a tool to encourage smokers to quit. Primary care physicians' (PCPs) views of using lung age to help COPD patients to quit smoking were assessed. ⋯ This study suggests that lung age was well received by the majority of PCPs and appears feasible to use with COPD patients who smoke. However, further investigation in needed to explore COPD patients' perspectives of obtaining their lung age to help motivate them to quit in randomized clinical trials.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Effects of exercise and vasodilators on cerebral tissue oxygenation in pulmonary hypertension.
Arterial and thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (PH) lead to arterial hypoxaemia. ⋯ In PH-patients but not in controls CTO decreased during exercise. Since CTO was an independent predictor of the work load achieved and the 6MWD cerebral hypoxia may contribute to exercise limitation in PH. Clinicaltrials.gov: NCT01463514.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Exercise limitation in IPF patients: a randomized trial of pulmonary rehabilitation.
Patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) have severely limited exercise capacity due to dyspnea, hypoxemia, and abnormal lung mechanics. This pilot study was designed to determine whether pulmonary rehabilitation were efficacious in improving the 6-min walk test (6-MWT) distance, exercise oxygen uptake, respiratory muscle strength [maximum inspiratory pressure (MIP)], and dyspnea in patients with IPF. Underlying physiological mechanisms and effects of the intervention were investigated. ⋯ Pulmonary rehabilitation effectively maintained exercise oxygen uptake over 3 months and lengthened constant load exercise time in patients with moderately severe IPF. Exercise endurance on cycle ergometry testing was limited by dyspnea and severe hypoxemia associated with systemic oxidant stress.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
β2-adrenergic receptor haplotype may be associated with susceptibility to desensitization to long-acting β2-agonists in COPD patients.
Τhat β2-adrenergic receptor (β2AR) haplotypes may play a key role in clinical response to β2-agonists and haplotype Cys-19Gly16Gln27 (CysGlyGln) is reported to be associated with desensitization of β2AR to β-agonists in lymphocytes isolated from patients with asthma and septic shock. We sought to determine whether haplotypic variation of the β2AR affects the functional outcomes of long-acting β2-agonist (LABA) treatment for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) when used as monotherapy. ⋯ Homozygous haplotype for the CysGlyGln of β2AR may be associated with susceptibility to desensitization to LABA in patients with COPD.