Journal of computer assisted tomography
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J Comput Assist Tomogr · Jul 2003
Clinical TrialInfectious pulmonary nodules in immunocompromised patients: usefulness of computed tomography in predicting their etiology.
To review the high-resolution computed tomography (CT) findings in immunocompromised patients who had nodular opacities and a proven diagnosis to determine whether the various infectious pulmonary nodules have distinguishing features on CT. ⋯ Although some overlap exists, nodule size is helpful in the differential diagnosis of infectious causes of nodules in immunocompromised patients. Patients whose nodules are all less than 10 mm in diameter are most likely to have a viral infection.
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J Comput Assist Tomogr · Mar 2003
Comparative StudyCarbon-11 choline positron emission tomography in musculoskeletal tumors: comparison with fluorine-18 fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography.
Recently, a new positron emission tomography (PET) tracer, carbon-11 choline, has been introduced in oncology investigations, but the role of choline PET in musculoskeletal tumor evaluation has not been previously examined. This is the first trial to investigate the utility of choline PET in evaluating musculoskeletal tumors in comparison with fluorine-18 fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose (FDG) PET. ⋯ Choline PET analysis may not be inferior to FDG PET analysis for differentiating malignant from benign musculoskeletal tumors. The advantages of choline PET were shorter examination time and little retention in the bladder; therefore, this modality may be useful for preoperative planning for musculoskeletal tumors, especially for lesions around the hip joints.
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J Comput Assist Tomogr · Mar 2003
Comparative StudyMultiphasic perfusion computed tomography in hyperacute ischemic stroke: comparison with diffusion and perfusion magnetic resonance imaging.
The purpose of this study was to compare multiphasic perfusion computed tomography (CT) with diffusion and perfusion magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in predicting final infarct volume, infarct growth, and clinical severity in patients with hyperacute ischemia untreated by thrombolytic therapy. ⋯ Multiphasic perfusion CT is useful and of comparable utility to diffusion and perfusion MRI for predicting final infarct volume, infarct growth, and clinical severity in acute ischemic stroke.
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J Comput Assist Tomogr · Jan 2003
Sudden cardiac arrest during computed tomography examination: clinical findings and "dense abdominal veins" on computed tomography.
We report imaging findings in five patients who had sudden cardiac arrest during contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CT). We observed strikingly dense abdominal veins, variable degrees of arterial enhancement, and poor abdominal visceral enhancement. Comparison with a control group of 30 patients revealed a statistically significant increase in mean enhancement of the abdominal veins (including the inferior vena cava, bilateral renal veins, and major tributaries of the hepatic vein) (Kruskal-Wallis test, P< 0.05). ⋯ Despite resuscitation, two patients died and three convalesced. In summary, sudden cardiac arrest is characterized by "dense abdominal veins" on CT in the absence of the cardiac pump function. This effect was presumably the result of forced reflux and stagnation of contrast medium in the abdominal veins without any dilution with the circulating blood, leading to a markedly dense appearance of these venous structures.
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J Comput Assist Tomogr · Jan 2003
Case ReportsCanavan disease: diffusion magnetic resonance imaging findings.
A 15-month-old boy with Canavan disease is reported in whom a restricted diffusion pattern on diffusion magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) (high signal on b = 1,000 mm2/s images and low apparent diffusion coefficient [ADC] values) was evident in the affected regions of the brain, including the peripheral white matter, globi pallidi, thalami, brainstem, dorsal pons, and dentate nuclei. The ADC values at these regions ranged from 0.42 to 0.56 x 10(-3) mm2/s compared with the normal ADC values from the uninvolved deep frontal white matter (0.68-0.92 x 10(-3) mm2/s). The known histopathologic features in Canavan disease include edematous and gelatinous brain tissue associated with diffuse vacuolization. Considering these and the diffusion MRI findings in this patient, it is likely that existence of a gel (gelatinous) state rather than the usual sol state of water molecules in the affected brain regions accounted for the restricted diffusion pattern in Canavan disease.