Intensive care medicine
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Intensive care medicine · Jan 2004
Children with human immunodeficiency virus admitted to a paediatric intensive care unit in the United Kingdom over a 10-year period.
There is little published experience regarding the outcome of children with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection treated on a paediatric intensive care unit (PICU). We describe the outcome of children with HIV infection in our hospital over a 10-year period. ⋯ Although there is significant mortality among children with HIV infection admitted to PICU, many of them survive their admission, and over 80% of the survivors have good outcomes with the currently available highly active anti-retroviral therapy. This provides evidence that intensive care treatment is appropriate for this group of patients in the United Kingdom.
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Intensive care medicine · Jan 2004
Comparative Study Clinical Trial Controlled Clinical TrialNoninvasive continuous positive airway pressure delivered by helmet in hematological malignancy patients with hypoxemic acute respiratory failure.
To compare the efficacy of early administration of noninvasive continuous positive airway pressure (nCPAP) delivered by the helmet vs. face mask to treat hematological malignancy patients with fever, pulmonary infiltrates, and hypoxemic acute respiratory failure. ⋯ Early nCPAP with helmet improves oxygenation in selected immunosuppressed patients with hypoxemic acute respiratory failure. Tolerance of helmet nCPAP seems better than that of nCPAP delivered by mask.
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Intensive care medicine · Jan 2004
ReviewDosing of medications in morbidly obese patients in the intensive care unit setting.
To derive recommendations for the dosing of commonly used medications in the morbidly obese patient in the ICU. ⋯ There is clearly a need for more investigations involving dosing regimens of medications in the morbidly obese population. Until such studies are available, the clinician must try to derive the best dosing regimens for medications based on the limited pharmacokinetic data available for some agents and clinical judgement.
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Intensive care medicine · Jan 2004
Comparative StudyTissue Doppler imaging estimation of pulmonary artery occlusion pressure in ICU patients.
Earlier reports suggested that transthoracic (TTE) determination of the ratio of mitral inflow E wave velocity to early diastolic mitral annulus velocity (E/E') measured by tissue Doppler imaging (TDI) closely approximates PAOP in cardiac patients. However, the value of E/E' for PAOP assessment in ICU patients has not been evaluated. This study assessed whether the E/E' ratio provides an accurate estimation of pulmonary artery occlusion pressure (PAOP) in mechanically ventilated ICU patients. ⋯ In mechanically ventilated ICU patients TTE or TEE E/E' determinations using TDI closely approximate PAOP.