Clinical therapeutics
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Clinical therapeutics · Jan 2017
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative StudyEfficacy of Methylprednisolone Acetate Versus Triamcinolone Acetonide Intra-articular Knee Injection in Patients With Chronic Inflammatory Arthritis: A 24-Week Randomized Controlled Trial.
Triamcinolone hexacetonide (TH), triamcinolone acetonide (TA), and methylprednisolone acetate (MPA) are commonly used intra-articular steroid preparations. Studies suggest that intra-articular TH is more efficacious than MPA and TA in chronic inflammatory arthritis. However, it is unclear which of the latter two preparations has better efficacy. Thus, we compared intra-articular knee injections of MPA and TA in patients with chronic inflammatory arthritis. ⋯ No significant differences were found in efficacy between intra-articular knee injections with MPA and TA in these patients with chronic inflammatory arthritis. However, results need to be extrapolated cautiously because of the small sample size. Three-quarters of the patients remained relapse free at 24 weeks. Clinical Trials Registry of India (www.ctri.nic.in) identifier: CTRI/2015/09/006187.
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Clinical therapeutics · Jan 2017
Randomized Controlled TrialDexmedetomidine Added to Local Anesthetic Mixture of Lidocaine and Ropivacaine Enhances Onset and Prolongs Duration of a Popliteal Approach to Sciatic Nerve Blockade.
A literature review of multiple clinical studies on mixing additives to improve pharmacologic limitation of local anesthetics during peripheral nerve blockade revealed inconsistency in success rates and various adverse effects. Animal research on dexmedetomidine as an adjuvant on the other hand has promising results, with evidence of minimum unwanted results. This randomized, double-blinded, contrastable observational study examined the efficacy of adding dexmedetomidine to a mixture of lidocaine plus ropivacaine during popliteal sciatic nerve blockade (PSNB). ⋯ Perineural dexmedetomidine added to lidocaine and ropivacaine enhanced efficacy of popliteal approach to sciatic nerve blockade with faster onset and longer duration.
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Clinical therapeutics · Sep 2016
Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter StudyLong-term Efficacy and Safety of Mepolizumab in Patients With Severe Eosinophilic Asthma: A Multi-center, Open-label, Phase IIIb Study.
Patients with severe eosinophilic asthma often experience recurrent asthma exacerbations despite intensive inhaled corticosteroid therapy. In 2 previous double-blind studies (MENSA [NCT01691521] and SIRIUS [NCT01691508]), treatment with intravenous or subcutaneous mepolizumab was associated with significantly reduced annualized exacerbation rates and oral corticosteroid (OCS) requirements compared with placebo. The purpose of this study was to assess the long-term safety and efficacy of subcutaneous mepolizumab treatment in patients with severe eosinophilic asthma. ⋯ These data demonstrate a favorable safety profile of mepolizumab and indicate a durable and stable effect over time, supporting long-term treatment in patients with severe eosinophilic asthma. ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT01842607.
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Clinical therapeutics · Jul 2016
Randomized Controlled TrialEvaluation of Crushed Tablet for Oral Administration and the Effect of Food on Apixaban Pharmacokinetics in Healthy Adults.
These studies evaluate the relative bioavailability of crushed apixaban tablets and the effect of food on apixaban pharmacokinetic properties. ⋯ Apixaban tablets can be administered crushed or whole, with or without food. The results of these alternative methods of administration support their use in patients who have difficulty swallowing tablets. ClinicalTrials.gov identifiers: NCT02101112 and NCT01437839.
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Clinical therapeutics · Jun 2016
Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter StudyEfficacy, Safety, and Tolerability of Fulranumab as an Adjunctive Therapy in Patients With Inadequately Controlled, Moderate-to-Severe Chronic Low Back Pain: A Randomized, Double-blind, Placebo-controlled, Dose-ranging, Dose-loading Phase II Study.
Fulranumab is an investigational, fully human recombinant monoclonal antibody (IgG2) that neutralizes the biological actions of human nerve growth factor. Low back pain is a common cause of noncancer chronic pain and represents one of the most significant socioeconomic health-related problems in developed countries. This randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study was conducted to evaluate the analgesic effect of fulranumab in patients with moderate-to-severe chronic low back pain. ⋯ Fulranumab did not demonstrate efficacy compared with placebo in patients with chronic low back pain but was generally well-tolerated. ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT00973024.