Clinical therapeutics
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Clinical therapeutics · Sep 2001
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical TrialUpper gastrointestinal safety evaluation of parecoxib sodium, a new parenteral cyclooxygenase-2-specific inhibitor, compared with ketorolac, naproxen, and placebo.
Conventional nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are associated with an increased risk of ulcers and upper gastrointestinal (GI) ulcer complications, which has been attributed to the inhibition of cyclooxygenase-1. These risks are usually increased in elderly populations. Parecoxib sodium is an injectable prodrug of the cyclooxygenase-2-specific inhibitor valdecoxib that has exhibited analgesic activity in previous trials. ⋯ These findings suggest that elderly patients may be at risk for GI ulceration even after short-term use of the conventional NSAIDs ketorolac and naproxen.
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Clinical therapeutics · Aug 2001
Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study Comparative Study Clinical TrialEvaluation of the efficacy of olopatadine hydrochloride 0.1% ophthalmic solution and azelastine hydrochloride 0.05% ophthalmic solution in the conjunctival allergen challenge model.
Olopatadine hydrochloride 0.1% ophthalmic solution and azelastine hydrochlofide 0.05% ophthalmic solution are 2 topical antiallergic agents indicated for the treatment of itching of the eye associated with allergic conjunctivitis. Olopatadine has recently received US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approval for an expanded indication for the treatment of signs and symptoms of allergic conjunctivitis, including itching, tearing, eyelid swelling, redness, and chemosis. ⋯ In this population, olopatadine was significantly more effective than azelastine in the management of itching associated with allergic conjunctivitis in the CAC model.
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Clinical therapeutics · Aug 2001
Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical TrialA randomized, double-blind comparison of ampicillin/sulbactam and ceftriaxone in the prevention of surgical-site infections after neurosurgery.
The use of prophylactic antibiotics has been shown to decrease the rate of surgical-site infections after clean neurosurgical operations, although previous clinical trials have provided no evidence that one antibiotic is superior to another for this purpose. ⋯ The results suggest that ampicillin/sulbactam and ceftriaxone are of similar prophylactic efficacy in clean neurosurgical operations. Because the acquisition cost of 2 g ceftriaxone is approximately 3 times greater than that of 3 g ampicillin/sulbactam, the latter may be more cost-effective than the former for neurosurgical prophylaxis; however, other relevant hospital-related costs were not assessed in this study.
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Clinical therapeutics · Jul 2001
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical TrialA double-blind, randomized comparison of intramuscularly and intravenously administered parecoxib sodium versus ketorolac and placebo in a post-oral surgery pain model.
Parecoxib sodium is an injectable cyclooxygenase-2-specific inhibitor developed for the treatment of acute pain. The analgesic efficacy of IV and IM parecoxib has been demonstrated in previous pilot studies using the post-oral surgery pain model. ⋯ Parecoxib IV and IM provided effective analgesia. The 40-mg dose was comparable to ketorolac 60 mg on most measures of analgesia but had a longer duration of action.
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Clinical therapeutics · May 2001
Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study Comparative Study Clinical TrialLansoprazole-based triple therapy versus ranitidine bismuth citrate-based dual therapy in the eradication of Helicobacter pylori in patients with duodenal ulcer: a multicenter, randomized, double-dummy study.
The optimal treatment regimen for eradication of Helicobacter pylori in patients with duodenal ulcer has yet to be determined. Based on a search of MEDLINE, no studies have been performed comparing a proton pump inhibitor-based triple therapy regimen with a ranitidine bismuth citrate (RBC)-based dual therapy regimen, both containing clarithromycin. ⋯ Based on the results of the PP and OBS analyses, LAN-based triple therapy was superior to RBC-based dual therapy for the eradication of H. pylori in patients with duodenal ulcer.