Alcoholism, clinical and experimental research
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Alcohol. Clin. Exp. Res. · Nov 2018
Shifts in Alcohol-Related Diagnoses After the Introduction of International Classification of Diseases, Tenth Revision, Clinical Modification Coding in U.S. Hospitals: Implications for Epidemiologic Research.
In October 2015, the United States transitioned healthcare diagnosis codes from the International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision, Clinical Modification (ICD-9-CM), to the Tenth Revision (ICD-10-CM). Trend analyses of alcohol-related stays could show discontinuities solely from the change in classification systems. This study examined the impact of the ICD-10-CM coding system on estimates of hospital stays involving alcohol-related diagnoses. ⋯ Researchers conducting trend analyses of inpatient stays involving alcohol-related diagnoses should consider how ongoing modifications in the ICD-10-CM code system and coding guidelines might affect their work. An advisable approach for trend analyses across the ICD-10-CM transition is to aggregate diagnosis codes into broader, clinically meaningful groups-including a single global group that encompasses all alcohol-related stays-and then to select diagnostic groupings that minimize discontinuities between the 2 coding systems while providing useful information on this important indicator of population health.
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Alcohol. Clin. Exp. Res. · Mar 2018
Predictors of Longitudinal Trajectories of Alcohol Consumption in People with HIV.
Our aim was to describe alcohol consumption trajectories in a cohort of people living with HIV and determine clinical and sociodemographic predictors of each trajectory. ⋯ Longitudinal trajectories of increasing alcohol use and stable misuse highlight the need to integrate routine screening and alcohol misuse interventions into HIV primary care.
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Alcohol. Clin. Exp. Res. · Mar 2018
ReviewAlcohol and Opioid Use, Co-Use, and Chronic Pain in the Context of the Opioid Epidemic: A Critical Review.
The dramatic increase in opioid misuse, opioid use disorder (OUD), and opioid-related overdose deaths in the United States has led to public outcry, policy statements, and funding initiatives. Meanwhile, alcohol misuse and alcohol use disorder (AUD) are a highly prevalent public health problem associated with considerable individual and societal costs. This study provides a critical review of alcohol and opioid misuse, including issues of prevalence, morbidity, and societal costs. ⋯ Currently, most alcohol research excludes patients with OUD and there is lack of measurement in both AUD and OUD research in relation to pain-related functioning. Research in those with chronic pain often assesses opioid use, but rarely assesses alcohol use or AUD. New research to examine the nexus of alcohol, opioids, and pain, as well as their treatment, is critically needed.
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Alcohol. Clin. Exp. Res. · Feb 2018
Trends in Alcohol-Related Emergency Department Visits in the United States: Results from the Nationwide Emergency Department Sample, 2006 to 2014.
Acute alcohol consumption and chronic alcohol consumption increase the burden placed on emergency departments (EDs) by contributing to injury and disease. Whether the prevalence of alcohol-related ED visits in the United States has changed in recent years is unknown. The purpose of this study was to examine trends in ED visits involving acute and chronic alcohol consumption in the United States by age and sex between 2006 and 2014. ⋯ Alcohol consumption contributed to an increasing number of ED visits in the United States between 2006 and 2014, especially among females. Increased utilization of evidence-based interventions is needed.
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Alcohol. Clin. Exp. Res. · Sep 2017
Review Meta AnalysisAcute Alcohol Exposure and Risk of Mortality of Patients with Traumatic Brain Injury: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.
After traumatic brain injury (TBI), patients usually live with significant disability and socioeconomic burdens. Acute exposure to alcohol is considered a major risk factor for TBI. Numerous studies have examined whether alcohol exposure is related to the risk of mortality in patients with TBI, yet the results remain inconsistent. ⋯ Whether positive BAC at the time of admission after TBI reduces mortality rate compared with the rate under negative BAC remains unknown. In addition, low BAC (1 to 100 mg/dl) poses a risk of mortality compared with higher BAC. Further studies assessing the effect of alcohol between the BAC-positive group and the BAC-negative group are still needed.