Early human development
-
Early human development · Dec 1999
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical TrialComparing the effects of nasal synchronized intermittent positive pressure ventilation (nSIPPV) and nasal continuous positive airway pressure (nCPAP) after extubation in very low birth weight infants.
In this study we hypothesized that nasal synchronized intermittent positive pressure ventilation (nSIPPV) would provide more ventilatory support than nasal continuous positive airway pressure (nCPAP) in the immediate post-extubation period in very low birth weight (VLBW) infants. We tested this hypothesis by comparing the effects of these two ventilatory techniques on ventilation, gas exchange, and patient inspiratory effort in 11 preterm infants immediately after extubation. All neonates studied (BW: 1141+/-(SEM) 53 g; GA: 28.1+/-(SEM) 0.5 wks) had received mechanical ventilation because of respiratory distress at birth and were extubated by day 14 of life. ⋯ In addition, Pe decreased by 30% during nSIPPV (P<0.01). TcPCO2 was statistically significantly lower during nSIPPV than nCPAP, and RR as well. These data therefore suggest that nSIPPV may provide more ventilatory support than nCPAP in the post-extubation period with less patient inspiratory effort.
-
Early human development · Jul 1999
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical TrialOral glucose and venepuncture reduce blood sampling pain in newborns.
The objectives of this study were to measure pain symptoms in healthy fullterm newborns undergoing routine blood sampling with different methods. The 120 study subjects were randomly allocated to one of four groups with 30 babies in each, namely venepuncture or heel stick, with or without oral glucose administration. ⋯ When no glucose was given crying time was 57.3 s in the heel stick group and 26.8 s in the venepuncture group (P = 0.0041) and the mean PIPP scores were 8.4 and 6.0, respectively (P = 0.0458). This study suggests that if oral glucose is given prior to skin puncture the choice of blood sampling method has no impact on the pain symptoms.
-
Early human development · Feb 1993
Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study Comparative Study Clinical TrialA multicenter randomized trial of high frequency oscillatory ventilation as compared with conventional mechanical ventilation in preterm infants with respiratory failure.
A multicenter randomised trial was conducted in nine neonatal centers in Japan to re-evaluate the safety and the efficacy of high frequency oscillatory ventilation using the piston type oscillator (Hummingbird) in the treatment of respiratory failure in preterm infants weighing between 750 and 2000 g at birth. A total of 92 infants were enrolled in the study. Forty-six infants were allocated to high frequency oscillatory ventilation and 46 infants to conventional mechanical ventilation. ⋯ Mean airway pressure was significantly higher in the high frequency oscillatory ventilation group and the infants on high frequency oscillation showed a significantly higher arterial to alveolar oxygen tension ratio after 6 h of treatment. These results suggest that high frequency oscillatory ventilation does not increase the risk of severe complications such as air leaks, intraventricular hemorrhage or periventricular leukomalacia when it is used by experienced neonatologists. Indeed high frequency oscillatory ventilation helps provide better oxygenation with higher mean airway pressure without increasing the risk of bronchopulmonary dysplasia and severe complications such as air leaks and intraventricular hemorrhage.