The Journal of clinical psychiatry
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Sexual trauma during military service is increasingly recognized as a substantial public health problem and is associated with detrimental effects on veteran mental health. In this study, we examined associations between childhood trauma, military sexual trauma (MST), combat exposure, and military-related posttraumatic stress symptomatology (PTSS) in the Women Veterans Cohort Study (WVCS), a community-based sample of veterans who served in the recent conflicts in Iraq and Afghanistan. ⋯ Taken together, results suggest that exposure to multiple traumas during military service may have synergistic effects on posttraumatic stress symptoms in female veterans. Moreover, our findings highlight the importance of prevention efforts to protect female veterans from the detrimental effects of MST, particularly those who are exposed to high levels of combat.
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The N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor antagonist ketamine has rapid antidepressant effects in treatment-resistant major depressive disorder (MDD) and bipolar depression. Clinical predictors may identify those more likely to benefit from ketamine within clinically heterogeneous populations. ⋯ Despite its post hoc nature, this study identified several clinical correlates of ketamine's rapid and durable antidepressant effects. Further investigation of these relationships is critical for individualized treatment of depression.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study Comparative Study
Neurocognitive effects of neurofeedback in adolescents with ADHD: a randomized controlled trial.
Neurofeedback aims to reduce symptoms of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), mainly attention problems. However, the additional influence of neurofeedback over treatment as usual (TAU) on neurocognitive functioning for adolescents with ADHD remains unclear. ⋯ Although neurocognitive outcomes improved in all adolescents receiving treatment for ADHD, no additional value for neurofeedback over TAU was observed. Hence, this study does not provide evidence for using theta/sensorimotor rhythm neurofeedback to enhance neurocognitive performance as additional intervention to TAU for adolescents with ADHD symptoms.
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Few studies are available on the effectiveness of screening tools such as the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) in pregnancy or the extent to which such tools may identify women with mental disorders other than depression. We therefore aimed to investigate the mental health characteristics of pregnant women who screen positive on the EPDS. ⋯ Use of the EPDS early in the second trimester of pregnancy identifies a substantial number of women with potentially serious mental disorders other than depression, including bipolar disorder, OCD, and eating disorders. A comprehensive clinical assessment is therefore necessary following use of the EPDS during pregnancy to ensure that women who screen positive receive appropriate mental health management.
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Rhythm disruption is a core feature of bipolar disorder and it has been hypothesized that disturbances of the circadian timing system play a fundamental role in the etiology of the disorder. ⋯ In toto, the literature suggests that circadian rhythm disturbances may be a feature of bipolar disorder. This area of research has received theoretical consideration as playing a significant role in the pathophysiology of the illness but has been understudied to this point. Further research in the field is warranted.