Ophthalmology
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To characterize the ocular features of renal coloboma syndrome. ⋯ Ophthalmic and renal characteristics of the renal coloboma syndrome are highly variable. The need for dialysis or renal transplantation can occur early in life or several years later. A wide range of ocular abnormalities located in the posterior segment can be observed. Mild optic disc dysplasia or pit have no functional consequence and can be underdiagnosed. More severe colobomas or related abnormalities, such as morning glory anomaly, often lead to poor visual acuity. Molecular biology allows detection of the mutations in the PAX2 gene, but can be negative in approximately 50% of cases. The observation of an optic disc coloboma or related abnormality stimulates the ophthalmologist to propose simple nephrologic investigations to check for renal hypoplasia, a potentially life-threatening disease. Conversely, renal hypoplasia stimulates the nephrologist to ask for a fundus examination to confirm the diagnosis and check for complications such as retinal detachment.
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To profile inpatients and eye problems evaluated and managed by the Ophthalmology Consultation Service of a large university teaching hospital. ⋯ This study profiled the typical patients and eye problems an ophthalmologist may expect to encounter when inpatient consultation is requested. The information may be useful for the planning and management of consultation services in residency training programs.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical Trial
Brimonidine 0.2% versus apraclonidine 0.5% for prevention of intraocular pressure elevations after anterior segment laser surgery.
To compare the efficacy of brimonidine 0.2% with apraclonidine 0.5% in preventing intraocular pressure (IOP) elevations after anterior segment laser surgery. ⋯ A single preoperative drop of brimonidine 0.2% is as effective as apraclonidine 0.5% in preventing IOP elevation immediately after anterior segment laser surgery.
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To investigate the anatomic and visual acuity outcomes among patients with unoperated macular holes and at least 5 years of follow-up. ⋯ Long-term follow-up of unoperated macular holes demonstrates progression in hole size and stage, vision loss which generally stabilizes at the 20/200 to 20/400 level, a redistribution and reduced number of yellow nodular opacities at the level of the retinal pigment epithelium, and the development of retinal pigment epithelial atrophy surrounding the macular hole, resulting in a "bull's-eye" macular appearance.
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To study the cause-specific prevalence of eye diseases causing bilateral visual impairment in Australian adults. ⋯ Significant reduction of visual impairment may be attained with the application of current knowledge in refractive errors, diabetes mellitus, cataract, and glaucoma. Although easily preventable, uncorrected refractive error remains a major cause of vision impairment.