The American journal of medicine
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People who smoke conventional cigarettes are increasingly turning to electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes) as a pathway to quitting. However, the efficacy and safety of e-cigarettes for smoking cessation remains controversial. ⋯ Among individuals attempting to quit smoking, nicotine e-cigarettes are more efficacious than conventional nicotine replacement or behavioral smoking cessation therapies, and may prove beneficial in reducing smoking-related health risks.
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Perioperative medicine is a rapidly growing multidisciplinary field with significant advances published each year. In this review, we highlight important perioperative publications in 2022. A multi-database literature search from January to December of 2022 was undertaken. ⋯ A modified Delphi technique was used to identify 8 practice-changing articles. We identified another 10 articles for tabular summaries. We highlight why these articles have the potential to change clinical perioperative practice and areas where more information is needed.
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Insomnia, Poor Sleep Quality and Sleep Duration and Risk for COVID-19 Infection and Hospitalization.
Medical comorbidities increase the risk of severe acute COVID-19 illness. Although sleep problems are common after COVID-19 infection, it is unclear whether insomnia, poor sleep quality, and extremely long or short sleep increase risk of developing COVID-19 infection or hospitalization. ⋯ In a general population sample, poor sleep quality and extremes of sleep duration are associated with greater odds of having had a COVID-19 infection; poor sleep quality was associated with an increased requirement of hospitalization for severe COVID-19 illness. These observations suggest that inclusion of healthy sleep practices in public health messaging may reduce the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic.
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Comorbidities like coronary heart disease are common among older people who sustain an osteoporotic hip fracture. However, their impact on short- and long-term mortality post-hip fracture is not well quantified. ⋯ As a case study in the absolute effects of a comorbidity on post-hip fracture mortality, hip fracture in a person with coronary heart disease carries an exceedingly high mortality rate, even higher than that following incident heart failure in individuals with coronary heart disease.