Neurosurgery
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Meta Analysis
Impact of Powdered Vancomycin on Preventing Surgical Site Infections in Neurosurgery: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.
Surgical site infections (SSIs) after spine and brain surgery present a major burden to patients and hospitals by increasing morbidity, mortality, and healthcare costs. ⋯ Use of vancomycin powder in spinal and cranial surgery might be protective against SSIs, especially against deep SSIs. No dose-related effect of vancomycin powder was identified. However, caution is needed in the clinical interpretation of these results, owing to the observational design of the included studies in this meta-analysis.
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Stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) and whole brain radiation therapy (WBRT) are effective treatments for management of brain metastases. Prospective trials comparing the 2 modalities in patients with fewer than 4 brain metastases demonstrate that overall survival (OS) is similar. Intracranial failure is more common after SRS, while WBRT is associated with neurocognitive decline. ⋯ It may be reasonable to initially offer SRS to some patients with 4 or more brain metastases. Initiating therapy with SRS avoids the acute and late sequelae of WBRT. Multiple phase III trials of SRS vs WBRT, both currently open or under development, are directly comparing quality of life and OS for patients with 4 or more brain metastases to help answer the question of SRS appropriateness for these patients.
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Adults with solid brain metastases who have not experienced a seizure. ⋯ Level 3: Routine postcraniotomy AED use for seizure-free patients with brain metastases is not recommended.The full guideline can be found at: https://www.cns.org/guidelines/guidelines-treatment-adults-metastatic-brain-tumors/chapter_8.
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Venous thromboembolism (VTE) after intracerebral hemorrhage is well studied, but data on patients with spontaneous intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH) are limited. ⋯ Infection and delay in timely initiation of VTE chemoprophylaxis were associated with VTE occurrence. VTE chemoprophylaxis in IVH appears safe and should not be delayed beyond standard care policies for ICH including when intraventricular catheter placement and thrombolytic therapy are performed.
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Multicenter Study Comparative Study
Comparative Safety and Efficacy of Modified TICI 2b and TICI 3 Reperfusion in Acute Ischemic Strokes Treated With Mechanical Thrombectomy.
Mechanical thrombectomy (MT) is the current standard of care for acute ischemic stroke (AIS) patients with emergent large-vessel occlusions (ELVO). Successful reperfusion of ELVO is traditionally defined by modified Thrombolysis in Cerebral Infarction (mTICI) grades of 2b or 3. ⋯ Successful reperfusion with mTICI 3 was associated with greater neurological improvement during hospitalization and better 3-mo functional outcomes in comparison to mTICI 2b reperfusion.