Neurosurgery
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Historical Article
Evandro Pinto da Luz de Oliveira, MD, PhD (November 8, 1945-February 11, 2021): A Giant of Microneurosurgery and Neuroanatomy.
Dr Evandro de Oliveira, one of the most acclaimed and recognized names in neurosurgery, anywhere in the world, tragically left us on February 11, 2021, at the age of 75. The Rhoton Society submits an account of Dr Evandro de Oliveira's life with highlights of his personal journey, and his special contributions to the fields of microneurosurgery and neuroanatomy.
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Spinal cord stimulation (SCS) is an effective treatment in failed back surgery syndrome (FBSS). The effect of neuropathic pain medication use on SCS outcome is poorly understood. ⋯ The use of gabapentinoids was associated with a significantly lower spinal cord stimulator explantation rate and a higher chance of opioid discontinuation or >50% dose reduction. This indicates that patients with SCS could benefit from concomitant use of gabapentinoids. Prospective randomized trials are warranted to verify this hypothesis.
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Review
Central Nervous System Plasticity Influences Language and Cognitive Recovery in Adult Glioma.
Gliomas exist within the framework of complex neuronal circuitry in which network dynamics influence both tumor biology and cognition. The generalized impairment of cognition or loss of language function is a common occurrence for glioma patients. ⋯ Although the propensity of gliomas to infiltrate cortical and subcortical structures and disrupt key anatomic language pathways is well documented, there is new evidence offering insight into the network and cellular mechanisms underpinning glioma-related aphasia and aphasia recovery. In this review, we will outline the current understanding of the mechanisms of cognitive dysfunction and recovery, using aphasia as an illustrative model.