Neurosurgery
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ChatGPT is a natural language processing chatbot with increasing applicability to the medical workflow. Although ChatGPT has been shown to be capable of passing the American Board of Neurological Surgery board examination, there has never been an evaluation of the chatbot in triaging and diagnosing novel neurosurgical scenarios without defined answer choices. In this study, we assess ChatGPT's capability to determine the emergent nature of neurosurgical scenarios and make diagnoses based on information one would find in a neurosurgical consult. ⋯ GPT 4 is able to diagnose and triage neurosurgical scenarios at the level of a senior neurosurgical resident. There has been a clear improvement between GPT 3.5 and 4. It is likely that the recent updates in internet access and directing the functionality of ChatGPT will further improve its utility in neurosurgical triage.
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Hydrocephalus is characterized by progressive enlargement of cerebral ventricles, resulting in impaired microvasculature and cerebral hypoperfusion. This study aimed to demonstrate the microvascular changes in hydrocephalic rats and the effects of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) release on cerebral blood flow (CBF). ⋯ Rapid ventricular dilatation is associated with severe microvascular distortion, vascular regression, cortical hypoperfusion, and cellular changes that impair the recovery of CBF and motor function after CSF release. Moreover, CSF release may induce reperfusion injury. This pathophysiology should be taken into account when treating hydrocephalus.