Neurosurgery
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To describe a variant of the stent-assisted coiling technique in the endovascular treatment of aneurysms with a dome-to-neck ratio less than 1.5. ⋯ We found that the stentjack technique was helpful in the treatment of selective aneurysms with a dome-to-neck ratio smaller than 1.5.
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The cases of two patients who presented with sylvian aqueductal obstruction caused by venous lesions (an ectatic vein and a developmental venous anomaly, which are uncommon causes of obstructive hydrocephalus) are reported. ⋯ Venous anomalies may cause obstructive hydrocephalus and can be suspected in cases of chronic and intermittent headaches. Endoscopic third ventriculostomy is an effective treatment.
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Chronic pituitary dysfunction is increasingly recognized as a sequela of traumatic brain injury. We sought to define the incidence, risk factors, and neurobehavioral consequences of chronic hormonal deficiencies after complicated mild, moderate, or severe traumatic brain injury. ⋯ Chronic hypopituitarism warranting hormone replacement occurs in approximately 20% of patients after complicated mild, moderate, or severe traumatic brain injury and is associated with more severe brain injuries and increased disability. GHD and GHI are also associated with increased disability, poor quality of life, and a greater likelihood of depression. The clinical significance of minor hormonal deficits, which occur in almost 30% of patients, warrants further study. Given that major deficiencies are readily treatable, routine pituitary hormonal testing within 6 months of injury is indicated for this patient population.
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Comparative Study
Linear accelerator-based stereotactic radiosurgery for bilateral vestibular schwannomas in patients with neurofibromatosis type 2.
Patients with neurofibromatosis Type 2 (NF2) patients typically have bilateral vestibular schwannomas (VS) and are at risk for developing bilateral deafness, bilateral trigeminal, and bilateral facial nerve function loss. Previous reports suggested that treatment outcomes in these patients are worse compared with those for patients with sporadic solitary VS. Very few reports, however, have been published on linear accelerator-based radiosurgery (RS) and stereotactic radiation therapy (SRT) in patients with NF2. In particular, in patients with NF2 who already have unilateral hearing loss, avoidance of hearing loss on the opposite side poses a challenge for RS and SRT. We studied our treatment results in patients with NF2 with bilateral VS, treated with linear accelerator-based RS and SRT. ⋯ In this largest series in the literature of linear accelerator-based RS and SRT for VS NF2 patients, excellent local control rates were found with minimal facial and trigeminal nerve toxicity. Although more than 40% of the patients retained their hearing level or lost less than 15 dB of PTA on the irradiated side, preservation of hearing remains a major concern.
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Clinical Trial
Microsurgical and angiographic anatomy of middle cerebral artery aneurysms: prevalence and significance of early branch aneurysms.
To determine the prevalence of early branch aneurysms, characterize these lesions angiographically and anatomically, and determine their clinical significance. ⋯ In our retrospective review, the majority of MCA aneurysms arose along the M1 segment proximal to the M1 bifurcation. Early frontal branch aneurysms were more common than typical M1 segment bifurcation aneurysms. M1 segment aneurysms arising from early frontal and early temporal branches have distinct anatomic features that impact surgical management and outcome. Understanding the relationship between the recurrent lenticulostriate arteries arising from the proximal segments of these early branches and the aneurysm neck should allow surgeons to avoid many postoperative ischemic complications when dealing with these challenging lesions.