Neurosurgery
The most recent articles from:
Neurosurgery
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Deep neural networks (DNNs) have not been proven to detect blood loss (BL) or predict surgeon performance from video. ⋯ BL and task outcome classification are important components of an automated assessment of surgical performance. DNNs can predict BL and outcome of hemorrhage control from video alone; their performance is improved with surgical instrument presence data. The generalizability of DNNs trained on hemorrhage control tasks should be investigated.