Journal of cancer research and clinical oncology
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J. Cancer Res. Clin. Oncol. · Oct 2020
Meta AnalysisSystematic review and network meta-analyses of third-line treatments for metastatic colorectal cancer.
Limited treatment options are available in chemotherapy-refractory metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC). The objective was to conduct a systematic literature review (SLR) and exploratory network meta-analysis (NMA) to compare the tolerability and effectiveness of SIRT with Y-90 resin microspheres, regorafenib, TAS-102 (trifluridine/tipiracil), and best supportive care (BSC) as third-line treatment in patients with mCRC. ⋯ Regorafenib, TAS-102 and SIRT using Y-90 resin microspheres are more effective than BSC in third-line treatment of mCRC; however, study heterogeneity made comparisons between active treatments challenging. SIRT is a viable treatment for third-line mCRC and its favorable AE profile should be considered in the therapeutic decision-making process.
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J. Cancer Res. Clin. Oncol. · Jun 2020
Review Case ReportsSequential anti-CD19, 22, and 20 autologous chimeric antigen receptor T-cell (CAR-T) treatments of a child with relapsed refractory Burkitt lymphoma: a case report and literature review.
Burkitt lymphoma (BL) is one of the most frequent subtypes of non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) in children. Currently, short, intensive chemotherapy is used internationally and has greatly improved survival in children with BL. However, 5-10% of patients suffer recurrence after intensive chemotherapy, and the prognosis of these patients remains poor. The overall survival rate is only approximately 10%. Innovative therapies are needed to attain a higher rate of remission, such as immunotherapy for relapsed refractory (r/r) BL patients. ⋯ Autologous anti-CD19, anti-CD22, and anti-CD20 CAR-T cell therapies targeting multiple tumor antigens could be an innovative and sound treatment for children with r/r BL, provided that they are closely monitored during treatment.
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J. Cancer Res. Clin. Oncol. · Jan 2020
ReviewEvolving the pulmonary nodules diagnosis from classical approaches to deep learning-aided decision support: three decades' development course and future prospect.
Lung cancer is the commonest cause of cancer deaths worldwide, and its mortality can be reduced significantly by performing early diagnosis and screening. Since the 1960s, driven by the pressing needs to accurately and effectively interpret the massive volume of chest images generated daily, computer-assisted diagnosis of pulmonary nodule has opened up new opportunities to relax the limitation from physicians' subjectivity, experiences and fatigue. And the fair access to the reliable and affordable computer-assisted diagnosis will fight the inequalities in incidence and mortality between populations. It has been witnessed that significant and remarkable advances have been achieved since the 1980s, and consistent endeavors have been exerted to deal with the grand challenges on how to accurately detect the pulmonary nodules with high sensitivity at low false-positive rate as well as on how to precisely differentiate between benign and malignant nodules. There is a lack of comprehensive examination of the techniques' development which is evolving the pulmonary nodules diagnosis from classical approaches to machine learning-assisted decision support. The main goal of this investigation is to provide a comprehensive state-of-the-art review of the computer-assisted nodules detection and benign-malignant classification techniques developed over three decades, which have evolved from the complicated ad hoc analysis pipeline of conventional approaches to the simplified seamlessly integrated deep learning techniques. This review also identifies challenges and highlights opportunities for future work in learning models, learning algorithms and enhancement schemes for bridging current state to future prospect and satisfying future demand. ⋯ It is the first literature review of the past 30 years' development in computer-assisted diagnosis of lung nodules. The challenges indentified and the research opportunities highlighted in this survey are significant for bridging current state to future prospect and satisfying future demand. The values of multifaceted driving forces and multidisciplinary researches are acknowledged that will make the computer-assisted diagnosis of pulmonary nodules enter into the main stream of clinical medicine and raise the state-of-the-art clinical applications as well as increase both welfares of physicians and patients. We firmly hold the vision that fair access to the reliable, faithful, and affordable computer-assisted diagnosis for early cancer diagnosis would fight the inequalities in incidence and mortality between populations, and save more lives.
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J. Cancer Res. Clin. Oncol. · Jan 2020
ReviewSeparating or combining immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) and radiotherapy in the treatment of NSCLC brain metastases.
With the advancement of imaging technology, systemic disease control rate and survival rate, the morbidity of brain metastases (BMs) from non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) has been riding on a steady upward trend (40%), but management of BMs from NSCLC remains obscure. Systemic therapy is anticipated to offer novel therapeutic avenues in the management of NSCLC BMs, and radiotherapy (RT) and immunotherapy have their own advantages. Recently, it was confirmed that immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) and RT could mutually promote the efficacy in the treatment of BMs from NSCLC. In this paper, we provide a review on current understandings and practices of separating or combining ICIs and RT, which could provide a reference for the coming laboratory and clinical studies and contribute to the development of new approaches in NSCLC BMs.
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J. Cancer Res. Clin. Oncol. · Sep 2019
Meta AnalysisA comparison of regorafenib and fruquintinib for metastatic colorectal cancer: a systematic review and network meta-analysis.
The optimal treatment in the third-line and later-line setting for metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) has not been established. As reported, regorafenib and fruquintinib have shown to be superior to placebo in mCRC. However, no direct clinical comparison of regorafenib and fruquintinib has been conducted; we performed a systematic review and network meta-analysis to compare the efficacy and safety of regorafenib and fruquintinib. ⋯ Based on efficacy and safety, there was a tendency that fruquintinib was superior to regorafenib, as a whole, regorafenib and fruquintinib demonstrated similar clinical benefit for patients with refractory mCRC. It seems that fruquintinib has less toxic in all-grade toxicity when compared with regorafenib.