Neurological research
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Neurological research · Jun 2005
Comparative StudyAccuracy of frameless and frame-based image-guided stereotactic brain biopsy in the diagnosis of glioma: comparison of biopsy and open resection specimen.
Tissue heterogeneity and rapid tumor progression may decrease the accuracy a prognostic value of stereotactic brain biopsy in the diagnosis of gliomas. Correct tumor grading is therefore dependent on the accuracy of biopsy needle placement. There has been a dramatic increase in the utilization of frameless image-guided stereotactic brain biopsy; however, its accuracy in the diagnosis of glioma remains unstudied. ⋯ Both frameless and frame-based MRI-guided stereotactic brain biopsy are safe and accurately represent the larger glioma mass sufficiently to guide subsequent therapy. Large tumor volume had a higher incidence of non-concordance. Increasing the number of specimens taken through the long dimension of large tumors may improve diagnostic accuracy.
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Neurological research · Jun 2005
Comparative StudySecondary spinal cord hypoperfusion of circumscribed areas after injury in rats.
The evaluation of the spatial spread of ischemia following spinal cord injury (SCI) is important for planning therapeutic strategies for secondary injury. The purpose of this study was to investigate in detail the change in regional spinal cord blood flow (rSCBF) after SCI. ⋯ This study found that SCBF is significantly decreased not only at the injured myelomere but also at the circumferent myelomeres. Circumferentially extending ischemia after SCI is related to secondary injury after SCI. The improvement in SCBF after SCI, therefore, can be attributed to the treatment of SCI.
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Neurological research · Apr 2005
ReviewLocal brain hypothermia for neuroprotection in stroke treatment and aneurysm repair.
Hypothermia is well known to provide neuroprotection following various brain insults in experimental animals. Two recently completed clinical trials of whole body hypothermia in out-of-hospital cardiac arrest patients' demonstrated significantly improved survival rates and neurologic outcomes. These results provide new excitement and encouragement for clinical application of hypothermia in cerebrovascular disease. ⋯ Lastly, we review potential mechanisms through which hypothermia provides blood-brain barrier protection and reduces edema formation. Clearly, hypothermia has a bright future for cerebrovascular disease treatment if brain cooling can be delivered in a manner that does not compromise the patient or the neurosurgical and intensive care settings. Local brain cooling may be just that new treatment approach.
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Neurological research · Jan 2005
Comparative StudyCapnography screening for sleep apnea in patients with acute stroke.
Sleep apnea syndrome (SAS) is a prominent clinical feature in acute stroke patients. Diagnosis is usually established by polysomnography or cardio-respiratory polygraphy (CRP). Both diagnostic procedures produce high costs, are dependent on the access to a specialized sleep laboratory, and are poorly tolerated by patients with acute stroke. ⋯ According to our findings, routinely acquired capnography may provide a reliable estimate of the AHI(CRP). The equipment needed for this screening procedure is provided by the monitoring systems of most intensive care units and stroke units where stroke patients are regularly treated during the first days of their illness. Therefore, early diagnosis of SAS in these patients is made substantially easier.
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Neurological research · Jan 2005
Comparative StudyIn vivo multiparametric monitoring of brain functions under intracranial hypertension following mannitol administration.
Over the last 20 years, mannitol has replaced other osmotic diuretics. Its beneficial effects on intracranial pressure (ICP), cerebral perfusion pressure (CPP), cerebral blood flow (CBF) and brain metabolism are widely accepted. In the present study, we tested the effect of mannitol injection on brain hemodynamic, metabolic, ionic and electrical state in rats exposed to intracranial hypertension. ⋯ It seems that the multiparametric monitoring approach, used in intracranial hypertension models, is an important tool for brain functional state evaluation.