Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology
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J. Am. Acad. Dermatol. · Dec 1996
ReviewDrug photosensitivity, idiopathic photodermatoses, and sunscreens.
Photosensitization may be defined as a process in which a reaction to normally innocuous radiation is induced by the introduction of a specific radiation-absorbing substance (the photosensitizer) that causes another component (the substrate) to be changed by the radiation. This review focuses on photosensitization produced by exogenous chemicals. ⋯ Clinical recognition patterns of the photodermatoses are stressed as well as several diagnostic procedures available for confirmation of the condition. Finally, descriptions, therapeutic uses, and adverse reactions of sunscreens are provided.
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Penile tumors, although not frequent, represent a difficult diagnostic and therapeutic challenge. Of the malignant penile neoplasms, the most frequent is penile carcinoma, which includes squamous cell carcinoma and its well-differentiated variant, verrucous carcinoma. Current concepts about classification, epidemiology, pathogenesis, histopathology, diagnosis, staging, prognosis, and treatment are presented.
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Botulinum toxin (BT) prevents the release of acetylcholine at the neuromuscular junction and produces reversible paralysis of striated muscle. This effect was initially used for ophthalmologic indications, particularly strabismus. ⋯ As use of BT increases and its indications expand, an understanding of this therapeutic modality is timely. This article discusses the pharmacologic aspects of BT as well as the methods for administration as they relate to its cosmetic use.
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J. Am. Acad. Dermatol. · May 1996
Review Case ReportsTrimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole-associated acute febrile neutrophilic dermatosis: case report and review of drug-induced Sweet's syndrome.
Sweet's syndrome, or acute febrile neutrophilic dermatosis, is characterized by fever, neutrophilia, and painful erythematous cutaneous plaques that contain a dense neutrophilic dermal infiltrate. Although the disorder is usually idiopathic, patients with drug-induced Sweet's syndrome have been described. ⋯ All patients also exhibited a temporal relationship between drug administration and clinical presentation and between drug withdrawal and healing. In patients with drug-induced Sweet's syndrome, neutrophilia is often absent.
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An extraabdominal desmoid tumor of the shoulder occurring in a middle-aged woman without Gardner's syndrome is described. Two punch biopsy specimens from the tumor were initially interpreted as representing scar tissue; a third incisional biopsy specimen demonstrated the characteristic features of a desmoid tumor. Because desmoid tumors are locally aggressive, early diagnosis and treatment are crucial to minimize morbidity and mortality. Typical clinical and histologic findings characteristic of an extraabdominal desmoid tumor are described, and treatment options are reviewed.