Annals of emergency medicine
-
Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study Comparative Study Clinical Trial
Double-blind, multicenter trial to compare the efficacy of intramuscular dihydroergotamine plus hydroxyzine versus intramuscular meperidine plus hydroxyzine for the emergency department treatment of acute migraine headache.
To evaluate intramuscular dihydroergotamine in direct comparison with opioid analgesia in the treatment of acute migraine headache. ⋯ In this prospective, double-blind trial of a convenience sample of ED patients randomly assigned to one of two treatment regimens, DHE and MEP were comparable therapies for acute migraine. The use of DHE avoids several problems associated with opioid analgesia, including dizziness.
-
Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical Trial
Tramadol versus hydrocodone-acetaminophen in acute musculoskeletal pain: a randomized, double-blind clinical trial.
To evaluate the efficacy of an oral tramadol preparation versus that of an oral hydrocodone-acetaminophen preparation in acute musculoskeletal pain. ⋯ Tramadol provides inferior analgesia to hydrocodone-acetaminophen in ED patients with acute musculoskeletal pain.
-
Review Case Reports
Reversal of midazolam-induced laryngospasm with flumazenil.
Midazolam is a commonly used benzodiazepine that is ideal for conscious sedation during a variety of procedures. Laryngospasm is listed by the manufacturer as a rare side effect of midazolam. Flumazenil is a competitive inhibitor of the benzodiazepines that is available for reversal at the end of such a procedure or when too much sedation has been achieved. ⋯ The symptoms recurred after approximately 25 minutes and were again reversed with flumazenil. Neither midazolam-induced laryngospasm nor its reversal with flumazenil have previously been reported. A brief discussion regarding laryngospasm and the use of flumazenil are included.
-
Comparative Study
Use of automated external defibrillators by police officers for treatment of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest.
To determine the feasibility of police officers providing defibrillation with automated external defibrillators (AEDs) and to assess the effectiveness of this strategy in reducing time to defibrillation of victims of out-of-hospital sudden cardiac arrest. ⋯ In 7 suburban communities, police use of AEDs decreased time to defibrillation and was an independent predictor of survival to hospital discharge.