AJNR. American journal of neuroradiology
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AJNR Am J Neuroradiol · Feb 2015
MRI findings in children with acute flaccid paralysis and cranial nerve dysfunction occurring during the 2014 enterovirus D68 outbreak.
Enterovirus D68 was responsible for widespread outbreaks of respiratory illness throughout the United States in August and September 2014. During this time, several patients presented to our institution with acute flaccid paralysis and cranial nerve dysfunction. The purpose of this report is to describe the unique imaging findings of this neurologic syndrome occurring during an enterovirus D68 outbreak. ⋯ Patients presenting with acute flaccid paralysis and/or cranial nerve dysfunction during the recent enterovirus D68 outbreak demonstrate unique imaging findings characterized by brain stem and gray matter spinal cord lesions, similar to the neuroimaging findings described in previous outbreaks of viral myelitis such as enterovirus 71 and poliomyelitis.
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AJNR Am J Neuroradiol · Feb 2015
Parent artery curvature influences inflow zone location of unruptured sidewall internal carotid artery aneurysms.
Future aneurysmal behaviors or treatment outcomes of cerebral aneurysms may be related to the hemodynamics around the inflow zone. Here we investigated the influence of parent artery curvature on the inflow zone location of unruptured sidewall internal carotid artery aneurysms. ⋯ The inflow zone locations of sidewall aneurysms can be influenced by the parent artery curvature evaluated in 2D on an en face image of the section plane corresponding to the aneurysm orifice.
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AJNR Am J Neuroradiol · Feb 2015
Imaging evidence and recommendations for traumatic brain injury: advanced neuro- and neurovascular imaging techniques.
Neuroimaging plays a critical role in the evaluation of patients with traumatic brain injury, with NCCT as the first-line of imaging for patients with traumatic brain injury and MR imaging being recommended in specific settings. Advanced neuroimaging techniques, including MR imaging DTI, blood oxygen level-dependent fMRI, MR spectroscopy, perfusion imaging, PET/SPECT, and magnetoencephalography, are of particular interest in identifying further injury in patients with traumatic brain injury when conventional NCCT and MR imaging findings are normal, as well as for prognostication in patients with persistent symptoms. ⋯ However, the data currently available confine their use to the research arena for group comparisons, and there remains insufficient evidence at the time of this writing to conclude that these advanced techniques can be used for routine clinical use at the individual patient level. TBI imaging is a rapidly evolving field, and a number of the recommendations presented will be updated in the future to reflect the advances in medical knowledge.