American journal of infection control
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Am J Infect Control · Sep 2011
Multicenter StudyDevice-associated infections rates in adult, pediatric, and neonatal intensive care units of hospitals in the Philippines: International Nosocomial Infection Control Consortium (INICC) findings.
This study investigated the rate of device-associated health care-associated infection (DA-HAI), microbiological profiles, bacterial resistance, length of stay (LOS), and mortality rate in 9 intensive care units (ICUs) of 3 hospital members of the International Nosocomial Infection Control Consortium (INICC) in the Philippines. ⋯ DA-HAIs pose far greater threats to patient safety in Philippine ICUs than in US ICUs. The establishment of active infection control programs that involve infection surveillance and implement guidelines for prevention can improve patient safety and should become a priority.
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Am J Infect Control · May 2007
Multicenter StudyPrescription of prophylactic antibiotics for neurosurgical procedures in teaching hospitals in Iran.
To assess the appropriateness of surgical antibiotic prophylaxis in neurosurgical procedures, using the American Society of Health-System Pharmacists (ASHP) guideline as reference, 110 patients were prospectively evaluated. Monitoring surgical antibiotic prophylaxis is crucial in ensuring appropriate use of antimicrobial agents in this setting. This will minimize the consequences of antibiotic misuse such as increased drug antibiotic resistance, adverse events, and higher costs to the institution. ⋯ This study indicates the need for interventions to improve the rational use of antibiotic prophylaxis in Iran to prevent the complications of inappropriate administration of antimicrobials and decrease unnecessary costs.
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Am J Infect Control · Sep 2006
Multicenter StudyThe establishment of a statewide surveillance program for hospital-acquired infections in large Victorian public hospitals: a report from the VICNISS Coordinating Centre.
A 1998 survey of acute Victorian public hospitals (VPH) revealed that surveillance of hospital-acquired infections (HAI) was underdeveloped, definitions and methodology varied considerably, and results disseminated inconsistently. The survey identified the need for an effective surveillance system for HAI. ⋯ A standardized approach for surveillance of HAI was established in a short time frame in over 28 VPH. VICNISS is a tool that will continue to provide participating hospitals with a basis for continuous quality improvement.
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Am J Infect Control · Apr 2006
Multicenter StudyFactors associated with personal protection equipment use and hand hygiene among hemodialysis staff.
Because exposure to blood by health care workers is frequent during hemodialysis, gloves are required for all contact with patients and their equipment, followed by hand hygiene. In this study, we investigated factors associated with performing these practices as recommended. ⋯ Compliance with recommended hand hygiene and glove use practices by hemodialysis staff was low. The rationale for infection control practices specific to the hemodialysis setting was poorly understood by all staff. Infection control training should be tailored to this setting and should address misconceptions.
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Am J Infect Control · Mar 2006
Multicenter StudyImpact of an infection control program on rates of ventilator-associated pneumonia in intensive care units in 2 Argentinean hospitals.
Hospitalized, critically ill patients have a significant risk of developing nosocomial infection. Most episodes of nosocomial pneumonia occur in patients undergoing mechanical ventilation (MV). ⋯ Implementation of a multicomponent infection control program in Argentinean ICUs was associated with significant reductions in rates of VAP.