American journal of infection control
-
Am J Infect Control · Dec 2008
Randomized Controlled TrialInvestigation of a nosocomial outbreak by alginate-producing pan-antibiotic-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
The nosocomial spread of pan-antibiotic-resistant nonfermentative bacteria is an increasing concern. This study investigated the microbiologic and epidemiologic characteristics of a hospital outbreak due to alginate-producing, pan-antibiotic-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa (PAR-Pa). ⋯ This study illustrates the ability of pan-antibiotic-resistant P. aeruginosa to cause an outbreak with significant mortality and stresses the need for precautions to prevent the spread of such highly resistant strains.
-
Am J Infect Control · Dec 2008
Randomized Controlled TrialImpact of preoperative anxiolytic on surgical site infection in patients undergoing abdominal hysterectomy.
An increased anxiety may be associated with a higher risk of surgical site infection (SSI), but there is little objective data on the effect of preoperative anxiolytic interventions on SSI. To address this issue, we evaluated the effects of preoperative diazepam on postoperative SSI following abdominal hysterectomy. ⋯ Diazepam-treated patients showed lower postoperative anxiety and lower incidence of SSI up to 30 days after surgery compared with placebo in patients undergoing abdominal hysterectomy.
-
Am J Infect Control · Aug 2004
Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical TrialPrevention of catheter-related bloodstream infection in critically ill patients using a disinfectable, needle-free connector: a randomized controlled trial.
The aim of this study was to assess the efficacy of a disinfectable, needle-free connector in the prophylaxis of catheter-related bloodstream infection. ⋯ To add a disinfectable, needle-free connector to the CDC recommendations reduces the incidence of catheter-related bloodstream infection in critically ill patients with central venous catheters.
-
Am J Infect Control · Feb 2003
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical TrialIncidence of urinary tract infections in patients with short-term indwelling urethral catheters: a comparison between a 3-day urinary drainage bag change and no change regimens.
The current practice of caring for hospitalized patients with indwelling urethral catheters in Siriraj Hospital is to change the drainage bag every 3 days. In an extensive medical literature search, no evidence was noted to support this practice. ⋯ There is no evidence for the necessity of a bag change every 3 days at Siriraj Hospital; the urine bag can be left longer than 3 days. However, the appropriate frequency of urinary drainage bag change needs additional study because the sample size in this study does not rule out a false-negative result.
-
Am J Infect Control · Dec 2001
Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical TrialEvaluation of a waterless, scrubless chlorhexidine gluconate/ethanol surgical scrub for antimicrobial efficacy.
A new waterless surgical hand preparation containing 1% chlorhexidine gluconate (CHG) and 61% ethyl alcohol was evaluated for antimicrobial efficacy in comparison with a standard 4% CHG surgical scrub and a 61% ethyl alcohol control. Clinical studies were based on the Tentative Final Monograph for Health-Care Antiseptic Drug Products (TFM) (proposed rule) and the Standard Test Method for Evaluation of Surgical Hand Scrub Formulations (ASTM E1115-91). Two randomized, blinded, well-controlled clinical studies involving 137 healthy subjects were conducted to evaluate the antimicrobial effectiveness of the CHG/ethanol hand preparation in producing an immediate and persistent reduction in the normal bacterial flora of the hands. ⋯ This bactericidal effect persisted throughout the studies and eventually increased to a 3.6-log reduction after the 11th scrub on day 5. The log reductions of the CHG/ethanol hand preparation proved to be significantly better (P <.05) than that of the 4% CHG product at each sampling interval on days 1 and 2 and the sampling at 6 hours on day 5 and significantly better than the 61% ethanol vehicle at all times. The combination of 1% CHG and 61% ethanol had significantly greater microbial reduction than either the 4% CHG (without ethanol) or the 61% ethanol vehicle (without CHG).