American journal of infection control
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Am J Infect Control · Dec 2005
Multicenter StudyStandardized incidence rates of surgical site infection: a multicenter study in Thailand.
No previous multicenter data regarding the incidence of surgical site infection (SSI) are available in Thailand. The magnitude of the problem resulting from SSI at the national level could not be assessed. The purpose of this study was to estimate the incidence of SSI in 9 hospitals, together with patterns of surgical antibiotic prophylaxis, risk factors for SSI, and common causative pathogens. ⋯ Overall SSI rates were less than the average NNIS rates. The causative pathogens of SSI were different from those of other reports. There was a crucial proportion of operations that did not comply with the antibiotic guidelines. The risk factors for SSI identified in this study were consistent with most other reports.
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Am J Infect Control · Dec 2003
Multicenter StudyThe attributable cost, length of hospital stay, and mortality of central line-associated bloodstream infection in intensive care departments in Argentina: A prospective, matched analysis.
Limited information is available on the financial impact of central venous catheter-associated bloodstream infection (BSI) in Argentina. To calculate the cost of BSIs in the intensive care department (ICU), a 5-year prospective nested case-control study was undertaken at 3 hospitals in Argentina. ⋯ In this study, patients with central venous catheter-associated BSI experienced significant prolongation of hospitalization, increased use of health care costs, and a higher attributable mortality. These findings support the need to implement preventative interventions for patients hospitalized with central venous catheters in Argentina.
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Am J Infect Control · Nov 2003
Multicenter StudyEffect of an infection control program using education and performance feedback on rates of intravascular device-associated bloodstream infections in intensive care units in Argentina.
Our aim was to ascertain the effect of an infection control program, using education and performance feedback on intensive care units, for intravascular device (IVD)-associated bloodstream infection (BSI). ⋯ Implementation of an infection control program, using education and performance feedback, resulted in significant reductions in rates of IVD-associated BSI.
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Am J Infect Control · Jun 2001
Multicenter StudyNosocomial infection rates in US children's hospitals' neonatal and pediatric intensive care units.
Few data are available on nosocomial infections (NIs) in US children's hospitals' neonatal or pediatric intensive care units. The Pediatric Prevention Network (PPN) was established to improve characterization of NIs in pediatric patients and to develop and test interventions to decrease NI. ⋯ The number of months that NICU or PICU NI surveillance was conducted varied among hospitals. Reported NICU and PICU NI rates varied by hospital; some reported overall NI rates, and others focused on one or more particular sites of infection (eg, BSI or pneumonia). Many did not provide NICU device-associated rates stratified by birth-weight group. Denominators used to calculate device-associated infection rates also varied, with hospitals reporting either patient-days or device-days. These findings suggest the need to determine reasons for variations and to identify optimal NI surveillance methods at children's hospitals so that valid interhospital NI rate comparisons can be made.
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Am J Infect Control · Oct 1995
Multicenter Study Clinical Trial Controlled Clinical TrialMupirocin ointment with and without chlorhexidine baths in the eradication of Staphylococcus aureus nasal carriage in nursing home residents.
Mupirocin ointment has been shown to be effective in eradicating Staphylococcus aureus nasal carriage in residents of a long-term care facility. Antiseptic soaps have been used as adjunct to this therapy. We compared the efficacy of short-term intranasal mupirocin ointment with and without chlorhexidine baths in the eradication of S. aureus nasal carriage with follow-up for 12 weeks. ⋯ A short course of mupirocin ointment was effective in eradicating nasal carriage of S. aureus in nursing home residents. There were no statistical differences in efficacy between the two regimens with respect to the eradication of nasal carriage and prevention of recolonization with S. aureus.