Preventive medicine
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Preventive medicine · Aug 2009
Randomized Controlled TrialThe impact of a population-based multi-factorial lifestyle intervention on alcohol intake: the Inter99 study.
To investigate the effect of screening and five years of multi-factorial lifestyle intervention on changes in alcohol intake in a general population. ⋯ Multi-factorial lifestyle intervention, including low intensity alcohol intervention, improved long-term alcohol habits in a general population.
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Preventive medicine · Aug 2009
Temporal changes in trying to lose weight and recommended weight-loss strategies among overweight and obese Americans, 1996-2003.
We examined whether the reported prevalence of trying to lose weight among overweight and obese individuals has changed over time, and whether those trying to lose weight report using recommended weight-loss strategies. ⋯ Despite a rise in the number of overweight and obese people, there was little change among overweight adults in trying to lose weight over time, and a modest-but significant-change among obese adults in trying to lose weight over time. Among those who reported trying to lose weight, there were significant increases in their efforts to use recommended strategies.
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Preventive medicine · Aug 2009
Sleep duration, sleep quality and cardiovascular disease mortality among the elderly: a population-based cohort study.
To investigate the associations between sleep duration and mortality in the elderly by controlling for sleep quality. ⋯ Long sleep duration is associated with higher risk of CVD mortality among the elderly with poor sleep quality.
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Preventive medicine · Aug 2009
Socioeconomic status and risk factors for obesity and metabolic disorders in a population-based sample of adult females.
The association between lower socioeconomic status (SES), obesity, lifestyle choices and adverse health consequences are well documented, however to date the relationship between these variables and area-based SES (equivalised for advantage and disadvantage) has not been examined simultaneously in one population or with more than tertiary divisions of SES. We set out to examine the risk factors for obesity and metabolic disorders in the same population across quintiles of area-based SES. ⋯ Greater measures of adiposity and less healthy lifestyle choices were observed in individuals from lower SES. Significant differences in body composition were identified between quintiles 1 and 5, whereas subjects in the mid quintiles had relatively similar measures. The inverse relationship between SES, obesity and less healthy lifestyle underscores the possibility that these associations may be causal and should be investigated further.
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Few studies have addressed the feasibility of promoting smokeless tobacco as an alternative for smokers. This study was intended to assess the characteristics and degree to which smokers from California are receptive to using the substitute for harm reduction. ⋯ Smokeless tobacco is an unacceptable alternative for most California smokers. But, the expected correlates, notably gender, accounted for minimal variability in SLT receptiveness, an observation that challenges concerns about the product's limited appeal to any one group.