Preventive medicine
-
Preventive medicine · Nov 2012
Randomized Controlled TrialHealthy Habits, Happy Homes: methods and baseline data of a randomized controlled trial to improve household routines for obesity prevention.
To develop a home-based intervention for parents of 2-5 year old children to promote household routines to prevent overweight/obesity. ⋯ Household routines that increase obesity risk were prevalent among low-income families in this study. If proven to be effective, promotion of household routines related to family meals, sleep, and screen time may prevent young children from becoming overweight/obese.
-
Preventive medicine · Nov 2012
Overweight and reduced heart rate variability in British children: an exploratory study.
To investigate the associations between heart rate variability (HRV) and weight status in children. ⋯ This exploratory study suggests that HRV is reduced in overweight/obese children.
-
Preventive medicine · Nov 2012
Multicenter StudyImplementation and impact of anti-smoking interventions in three prisons in the absence of appropriate legislation.
To assess the acceptability and impact of anti-smoking policies in three prisons in Switzerland. ⋯ Reinforcement of non-smoking rules was possible in only one of the three prisons but had an impact on exposure to tobacco smoke and medical help to quit. Implementing anti-smoking policies in prisons is difficult in the absence of appropriate legislation.
-
Preventive medicine · Nov 2012
ReviewThe use of financial incentives in promoting smoking cessation.
Cigarette smoking is the leading cause of preventable death in the United States and world. Despite the availability of numerous therapies for smoking cessation, additional efficacious interventions are greatly needed. We provide a narrative review of published studies evaluating financial incentives for smoking cessation and discuss the parameters important for ensuring the efficacy of incentive interventions for smoking cessation. ⋯ Consistent with the extensive literature showing that incentives are effective in reducing illicit drug use, a large body of evidence supports their effectiveness in reducing smoking. Continued efforts are warranted to further develop and disseminate incentive-based treatments for smoking cessation across clinical settings and populations.
-
Preventive medicine · Nov 2012
Associations between active commuting and physical activity in working adults: cross-sectional results from the Commuting and Health in Cambridge study.
To quantify the association between time spent in active commuting and in moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA) in a sample of working adults living in both urban and rural locations. ⋯ Promoting active commuting might be an important way of increasing levels of physical activity, particularly in women. Further research should assess whether increases in time spent in active commuting are associated with increases in physical activity.