Preventive medicine
-
Preventive medicine · Dec 2019
The Cancer Prevention and Control Research Network (CPCRN): Advancing public health and implementation science.
The Cancer Prevention and Control Research Network (CPCRN) is one of the thematic networks of the United States' Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's (CDC) Prevention Research Centers. Network members are academic research centers in the United States who collaborate with public health and community partners to accelerate the use of evidence-based interventions in communities to reduce the burden of cancer, especially among underserved populations. ⋯ This commentary describes CPCRN's role in contributing to public health and the field of dissemination and implementation science. In addition, CDC and the National Cancer Institute describe how their joint support of the network contributes to each organization's goals and missions.
-
Preventive medicine · Dec 2019
Assessing trends and healthy migrant paradox in cigarette smoking among U.S. immigrant adults.
The healthy migrant paradox suggests that immigrants to developed countries are, on average, healthier than the native born of the host country, with some finding that health advantages diminish after 10-20 years. This study examined trends in immigrant cigarette smoking trends, as well as smoking by the length of residence in the U. S. ⋯ Multivariable analysis showed that immigrants had significantly lower odds of cigarette smoking (length of stay ≤5 years, Odds Ratio = 0.40, 95% Confidence Interval = 0.32-0.51; 6-10, OR = 0.39, CI =0.31-0.49; 11-20, OR = 0.39, CI =0.34-0.45; 20+, OR = 0.47, CI =0.43-0.53) compared to the native-born population. Findings show that immigrants consistently have lower smoking rates than native born, and this healthy behavior advantage did not appear to diminish based on years living in the U. S.
-
Preventive medicine · Dec 2019
Hospital utilization and expenditures among a nationally representative sample of Medicare fee-for-service beneficiaries 2 years after receipt of an Annual Wellness Visit.
Medicare's Annual Wellness Visit (AWV) provides an opportunity to link beneficiaries to cancer screenings and immunizations, however, research has not examined its effectiveness. The aim of this study was to examine the effect of receiving an AWV on outcomes while accounting for the healthy user effect. This study used 2013-2017 Medicare claims data to compare hospital utilization and total expenditures among a 5% random sample of Medicare fee-for-service (FFS) beneficiaries with and without AWV use in 2014 (228,053 AWV users were propensity-score matched to 228,053 nonusers). ⋯ The AWV provides an opportunity for providers to focus on prevention and geriatric needs not covered in typical office visits. Practices adopting AWVs have noted increased revenue, more stable patient populations, and stronger provider-patient relationships. While utilization remains low, it is steadily increasing over time.
-
Preventive medicine · Dec 2019
The effects of the dependent coverage provision on young women's utilization of sexual and reproductive health services.
The Affordable Care Act dependent coverage provision expanded insurance for young adults by allowing maintained coverage through a parent's plan until the age of 26. This study examines whether this provision was associated with changes in sexual and reproductive health service utilization among young adult women, and if effects differed by race/ethnicity. The National Survey of Family Growth data were used to examine utilization among women before (2006-2009) and after (2011-2013) enactment of the provision. ⋯ There were no significant effects on birth control counseling or information or STD service utilization for any groups. Lacking health insurance coverage decreased only among non-Hispanic White women and Hispanic women, but was not significant for non-Hispanic Black women. These results suggest that women's utilization of sexual and reproductive health services overall may not increase with parental insurance gains, but Hispanic women do increase utilization of some birth control services with this improved coverage.