Preventive medicine
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Preventive medicine · Mar 2024
Observational StudyDo abnormal screening results for chronic diseases motivate inactive people to start exercising? A community-based prospective cohort study in Changhua, Taiwan.
Exercise improves health, but illnesses can cause changes in exercise behavior, including starting or stopping. This study investigated the effects of chronic disease screening on inactive individuals' exercise behavior and analyzed the impact of age and chronic disease history on this relationship using stratified analysis. ⋯ This is the first study to demonstrate that abnormal screening results may influence exercise initiation in individuals who have never exercised, and this association varies by screening item, age, and disease history.
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Preventive medicine · Mar 2024
Sleep duration, its change, and risk of dementia among Japanese: The Japan Public Health Center-based Prospective Study.
Previous findings on the association between sleep duration, changes in sleep duration, and long-term dementia risk were mixed. Thus, we aimed to investigate the association between midlife sleep duration, its change, and dementia. ⋯ Long and increased sleep duration was associated with a higher risk of dementia.
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Preventive medicine · Mar 2024
Lifestyle factors, genetic susceptibility to obesity and their interactions on coronary artery disease risk: A cohort study in the UK Biobank.
We aimed to evaluate potential modifying effects of genetic susceptibility to obesity on the association of lifestyle factors with coronary artery disease (CAD) risk. ⋯ While the observational nature of the study precludes the establishment of causality, our study provides supports for a causal association between obesity and CAD risk and the importance of lifestyle modification in the prevention of CAD.
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Preventive medicine · Mar 2024
Trends in primary, booster, and updated COVID-19 vaccine readiness in the United States, January 2021-April 2023: Implications for 2023-2024 updated COVID-19 vaccines.
COVID-19 vaccines have mitigated the severity of COVID-19 and its sequelae. The emergence of new SARS-CoV-2 variants and waning immunity conferred by COVID-19 vaccination have necessitated booster and updated COVID-19 vaccines. This study examined trends in vaccine readiness-a composite measure of intention and uptake-for the primary, booster, and 2022-2023 updated (bivalent) COVID-19 vaccines among U.S. adults. ⋯ Findings show decreased vaccine readiness for the booster and 2022-2023 updated (bivalent) COVID-19 vaccines relative to the primary COVID-19 vaccines. Implications for the 2023-2024 updated COVID-19 vaccines are discussed.
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Preventive medicine · Mar 2024
Childhood maltreatment and trajectories of cardiometabolic health across the reproductive life span among individuals with a first birth during the Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults Study.
Childhood adversity is associated with poor cardiometabolic health in adulthood; little is known about how this relationship evolves through childbearing years for parous individuals. The goal was to estimate differences in cardiometabolic health indicators before, during and after childbearing years by report of childhood maltreatment in the Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults (CARDIA) cohort study. ⋯ Differences in some aspects of cardiometabolic health between individuals reporting versus not reporting childhood maltreatment were sustained across reproductive life stages, suggesting potentially persistent impacts of childhood adversity.